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Time- and frequency-resolved covariance analysis for detection and characterization of seizures from intracraneal EEG recordings

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Abstract

The amount of power in different frequency bands of the electroencephalogram (EEG) carries information about the behavioral state of a subject. Hence, neurologists treating epileptic patients monitor the temporal evolution of the different bands. We propose a covariance-based method to detect and characterize epileptic seizures operating on the band-filtered EEG signal. The algorithm is unsupervised and performs a principal component analysis of intra-cranial EEG recordings, detecting transient fluctuations of the power in each frequency band. Its simplicity makes it suitable for online implementation. Good sampling of the non-ictal periods is required, while no demands are imposed on the amount of data during ictal activity. We tested the method with 32 seizures registered in 5 patients. The area below the resulting receiver-operating characteristic curves was 87% for the detection of seizures and 91% for the detection of recruited electrodes. To identify the behaviorally relevant correlates of the physiological signal, we identified transient changes in the variance of each band that were correlated with the degree of loss of consciousness, the latter assessed by the so-called Consciousness Seizure Scale, summarizing the performance of the subject in a number of behavioral tests requested during seizures. We concluded that those crisis with maximal impairment of consciousness tended to exhibit an increase in variance approximately 40 s after seizure onset, with predominant power in the theta and alpha bands and reduced delta and beta activity.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto Balseiro and Departamento de Física Médica, Centro Atómico Bariloche, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina

    Melisa Maidana Capitán, Claudio Sebastián Sigvard & Inés Samengo

  2. Neurosciences and Complex Systems Unit (ENyS), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Hospital El Cruce “Néstor Kirchner”, Universidad Nacional Arturo Jauretche, Florencio Varela, Argentina

    Nuria Cámpora & Silvia Kochen

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  1. Melisa Maidana Capitán
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Correspondence to Inés Samengo.

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Communicated by Benjamin Lindner.

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This work was supported by Agencia Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas PICT Raíces 2014 N. 1004, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas PIP 0256.

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Maidana Capitán, M., Cámpora, N., Sigvard, C.S. et al. Time- and frequency-resolved covariance analysis for detection and characterization of seizures from intracraneal EEG recordings. Biol Cybern 114, 461–471 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00422-020-00840-y

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