Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to examine if peripheral fatigue is adjusted during knee extensor (KE) exercise in order not to surpass a critical threshold patient with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and the consequences of this mechanism on the force–duration relationship.
Methods
Eleven T1D individuals randomly performed two different sessions in which they performed 60 maximum voluntary contractions (MVC; 3 s contraction, 2 s relaxation). One trial was performed in the non-fatigued state (CTRL) and another after fatiguing neuromuscular stimulation of the KE (FNMES). Peripheral and central fatigue were quantified by the difference between pre and post exercise in quadriceps voluntary activation (ΔVA) and potentiated twitch (ΔPtw). Critical torque (CT) was determined as the average force of the last 12 contractions, whereas W' was calculated as the area above the CT.
Results
Although FNMES led to a significant decrease in potentiated twitch (Ptw) before performing the 60-MVCs protocol (p < 0.05), ΔVA (∼ −7.5%), ΔPtw (∼ −39%), and CT (∼816 N) post-MVCs were similar between the two conditions. The difference in W' between CTRL and FNMES was correlated with the level of pre-fatigue induced in FNMES (r2 = 0.60). In addition, W' was correlated with ΔPtw (r2 = 0.62) in the CTRL session.
Conclusion
Correlative results in the present study indicate that regulating peripheral fatigue mechanisms at a critical threshold limit W'. Additionally, peripheral fatigue during KE exercise is limited to an individual threshold in T1D patients.
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Data Availability
The data may be shared upon reasonable request to the corresponding author if the request is accepted by the Regional Research Committee for Medical and Health Research Ethics and the local Data Protection Official.
Abbreviations
- ANOVA:
-
Analysis of variance
- CT:
-
Critical torque
- CTRL:
-
Non-fatigued state
- EMG:
-
Electromyography
- FNMES:
-
Fatigued state (after fatiguing neuromuscular stimulation of the KE)
- KE:
-
Knee extensor
- Mmax, Mwave:
-
Maximal muscle action potential
- MVC:
-
Maximal voluntary contraction
- NMES:
-
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation
- Ptw:
-
Potentiated twitch
- RF:
-
Rectus femoris
- RMS:
-
Root mean square
- T1D:
-
Type 1 diabetes
- VA:
-
Voluntary activation
- VL:
-
Vastus lateralis
- VM:
-
Vastus medial
- W’:
-
Amount of work performed above the CT
- Δ:
-
Difference between pre and post exercise
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank all participants that volunteered in this study.
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NF, AM and MAB prepared and planned the research. NF, FZ, AM, HHH, SZ and MAB performed the experiments. NF, AM, SZ, HHH and MAB analysed the data. NF, AM, FZ, HHH, SZ and MAB interpreted the results of the experiments. NF prepared the figures. NF, AM and SZ wrote the manuscript. NF, FZ, AM, HHH, SZ and MAB reviewed and revised the manuscript; All authors approved the final version of the manuscript.
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This study was approved by the Human Research Ethics committee of the University of D (Ethics approval number: 0427).
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Communicated by Toshio Moritani.
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Fekih, N., Zghal, F., Machfer, A. et al. Peripheral fatigue regulation during knee extensor exercise in type 1 diabetes and consequences on the force–duration relationship. Eur J Appl Physiol 124, 897–908 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-023-05318-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-023-05318-w