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The systemic myokine response of decorin, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-15 (IL-15) to an acute bout of blood flow restricted exercise

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Abstract

Purpose

Blood flow restricted resistance exercise (BFR-RE) is an emerging hypertrophy training modality. A complete profile of its mechanisms of action has yet to be elucidated. Cytokines are universal intercellular messengers. Recent research has implicated certain cytokines (termed “myokines”) in skeletal muscle hypertrophy pathways; however, little research has been conducted on the systemic myokine response to BFR-RE as potential hypertrophic biomarkers. Therefore, this project was conducted to determine any differences in the systemic myokine response between BFR-RE and control conditions.

Methods

The appearance of systemic myokines interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-15 (IL-15), and decorin were measured following acute bouts of low-load resistance exercise, BFR-RE, and high-load resistance exercise in physically active young males to determine if BFR-RE modifies the exercise-induced systemic myokine response.

Results

No measurable levels of IL-6 were observed during the project. No significant effects were observed for IL-15. A significant time (11.91% increase pre to post exercise; p < 0.05) but no condition or condition by time effect was observed for decorin.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that BFR-RE does not modify the systemic myokine appearance of IL-6, IL-15, or decorin when compared to control conditions.

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Abbreviations

ABPI:

Ankle–brachial pressure index

ANOVA:

Analysis of variance

APMHR:

Age-predicted maximum heart rate

BFR-RE:

Blood flow restricted resistance exercise

EDTA:

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

ELISA:

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

HL-RE:

High-load resistance exercise

HRR:

Heart rate reserve

IL-6:

Interleukin-6

IL-15:

Interleukin-15

LL-RE:

Low-load resistance exercise

NSAID:

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

PAR-Q+:

Physical activity readiness questionnaire plus

RHR:

Resting heart rate

STAT3:

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3

References

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the participants for volunteering their time and efforts for this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Contributions

EB conceived and designed the research as well as conducted the experiments. EB and SC analyzed data. EB wrote the manuscript. TD, JP, and SC refined the research design, data collection, data analysis, interpretation, and manuscript writing. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Stephen M. Cornish.

Additional information

Communicated by Fabio Fischetti.

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Bugera, E.M., Duhamel, T.A., Peeler, J.D. et al. The systemic myokine response of decorin, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-15 (IL-15) to an acute bout of blood flow restricted exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 118, 2679–2686 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-018-3995-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-018-3995-8

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