Aerobic fitness alters the capacity of mononuclear cells to produce pentraxin 3 following maximal exercise

Slusher, Aaron L.; Zúñiga, Tiffany M.; Acevedo, Edmund O.

doi:10.1007/s00421-018-3882-3

Original Article
Published: 10 May 2018

Aerobic fitness alters the capacity of mononuclear cells to produce pentraxin 3 following maximal exercise

Aaron L. Slusher¹,
Tiffany M. Zúñiga¹ &
Edmund O. Acevedo¹

European Journal of Applied Physiology volume 118, pages 1515–1526 (2018)Cite this article

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Abstract

Purpose

Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is a vital regulator of innate immune function. Although plasma PTX3 concentrations are elevated with aerobic fitness, the cellular functions of PTX3 remain unknown in aerobically trained and untrained subjects.

Methods

Thirty individuals (aerobically trained = 15 and untrained = 15) participated in a maximal exercise protocol to examine ex vivo PTX3 production from isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) exposed to LPS or palmitate. The capacity of PTX3 to stimulate inflammatory cytokine production ex vivo was also examined.

Results

Elevated plasma PTX3 concentrations prior to exercise were positively associated with the percent change (pre to post exercise) in plasma PTX3 concentrations in all subjects, independent of cardiorespiratory fitness (VO_2max). In addition, elevated plasma PTX3 concentrations in aerobically trained subjects at rest predicted changes in the LPS- and palmitate-stimulated PTX3 production from isolated PBMCs following acute exercise. In response to PTX3 simulation, the capacity of PBMCs to produce the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was decreased following acute exercise in all subject (no changes in IL-6, TGF-β1, and TNF-α observed). However, the percent change in IL-6 production was positively associated with VO_2max in all subjects, and in aerobically trained subjects only, positively associated with elevated plasma PTX3 concentrations at rest and in response to acute exercise.

Conclusion

These results suggest that aerobic training enhances the utilization of plasma PTX3 concentrations to predict the capacity of mononuclear cells to produce PTX3, and potentially, its reciprocal role of PTX3 as an initiator of the innate immune response following maximal exercise.

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Abbreviations

BIA:: Bioelectrical impedance
BMI:: Body mass index
BP:: Blood pressure
CVD:: Cardiovascular disease
ELISA:: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
HR:: Heart rate
IL:: Interleukin
LPS:: Lipopolysaccharide
PBMC:: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
PTX3:: Pentraxin 3
RER:: Respiratory exchange ratio
rmANOVA:: Repeated measures analysis of variance
RPE:: Rating of perceived exertion
T2DM:: Type 2 diabetes mellitus
TGF-β:: Transforming growth factor beta
TLR4:: Toll-like receptor 4
TNF-α:: Tumor necrosis factor alpha
WB:: Whole blood
VO_2max :: Cardiorespiratory fitness

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Mr. Robert M. Clements and Ms. Amanda B. Mischo for their excellent work and assistance during the execution of this research investigation.

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Affiliations

Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1020 W. Grace Street, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
Aaron L. Slusher, Tiffany M. Zúñiga & Edmund O. Acevedo

Authors

Aaron L. Slusher
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Tiffany M. Zúñiga
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Edmund O. Acevedo
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Contributions

Conception and design: ALS and EOA; Data collection: ALS and TMZ; Data analysis and interpretation: ALS, TMZ, and EOA; Manuscript writing: ALS, TMZ, and EOA; Final approval of manuscript: ALS, TMZ, and EOA.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Aaron L. Slusher.

Additional information

Communicated by Fabio Fischetti.

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Slusher, A.L., Zúñiga, T.M. & Acevedo, E.O. Aerobic fitness alters the capacity of mononuclear cells to produce pentraxin 3 following maximal exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 118, 1515–1526 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-018-3882-3

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Received: 16 January 2018
Accepted: 01 May 2018
Published: 10 May 2018
Issue Date: July 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-018-3882-3

Keywords

Pentraxin 3 (PTX3)
Aerobic fitness
Cytokines
Inflammation
Lipopolysaccharide
Maximal exercise
Palmitate