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Redox balance and mitochondrial glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase activity in trained rats

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Abstract

Free radical production is increased in many disease states and during exercise, but in the latter the concurrent stimulation of the antioxidant defense system seems to protect the organism from excessive production of reactive oxygen species. Chronic exercise can exert negative effects on the activity of mitochondrial glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase (mGPdH), which may offer some explanation for the antioxidant effects of training, since this enzyme is a relevant producer of free radicals. To test this correlation, we compared mGPdH activity, two antioxidant defense markers and two markers of oxidative stress in sedentary and trained (Tr) rats. Training was through a swimming exercise 3 days a week. After 8 weeks, Tr rats lasted twice as long as controls in an acute swimming test with a 5% load. Forty-eight hours after the last exercise, the animals were killed to collect blood and tissues. Tr animals presented lower body weight and visceral fat mass with lower triglyceride content in visceral fat and plasma (p < 0.05). The specific activity of mGPdH in muscle mitochondria was reduced in Tr rats by 88% (p < 0.05). Total antioxidant capacity, lipid peroxidation and reduced glutathione (GSH) in liver and muscle were unaltered, while plasma GSH increased by 21% (p < 0.05). These data suggest a profile of successful redox equilibrium maintenance in Tr rats, with a potentially significant contribution from the lower level of mGPdH activity in muscle. This training protocol appears to be suitable for use in detailed studies of biochemical adaptations to oxidative stress.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) and Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ). We are grateful to Dr. Antonio Galina (Instituto de Bioquímica Médica) for helpful discussions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Química Fisiológica da Contração Muscular, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Gustavo Casimiro-Lopes, Martha M. Sorenson & Verônica P. Salerno

  2. Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício e Motores Moleculares, Departamento de Biociências da Atividade Física, Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

    Gustavo Casimiro-Lopes, Dionizio Ramos & Verônica P. Salerno

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  1. Gustavo Casimiro-Lopes
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  2. Dionizio Ramos
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  3. Martha M. Sorenson
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  4. Verônica P. Salerno
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Correspondence to Verônica P. Salerno.

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Communicated by Susan A. Ward.

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Casimiro-Lopes, G., Ramos, D., Sorenson, M.M. et al. Redox balance and mitochondrial glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase activity in trained rats. Eur J Appl Physiol 112, 3839–3846 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-012-2368-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-012-2368-y

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