Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to reveal the relationship of the days of experiencing sickness presentism and depressive symptoms among Korean workers. Sickness presenteeism which defined as the act of going to work despite being feeling unhealthy triggers various adverse effects on mental health, including increased risks of depression. Furthermore, Sickness presenteeism is a major social issue causing substantial socioeconomic costs.
Methods
The data of 25120 participants from sixth Korean Working Condition Survey was utilized in this cross-sectional study. Sickness presenteeism was defined using a self-reported questionnaire and depressive symptoms were assessed by WHO well-being index. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to calculate the odd ratios for depressive symptoms regarding the number of days experiencing sickness presenteeism. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for depressive symptoms after categorizing participants into three groups based on the duration of experiencing sickness presenteeism, using cut-off values of 3 and 5 days.
Results
Workers who have experienced sickness presenteeism for more than 5 days were at highest risk for depressive symptoms than referent group (OR 2.87; 95% CI 2.17–3.76 in male, OR 3.86; 95% CI 3.02–4.91 in female). Furthermore, there was a trend of increasing risk for depressive symptom as the duration of experiencing sickness presenteeism extended.
Conclusion
This study presents the association between experiencing sickness presenteeism in the previous 12 months and depressive symptoms. Based on the results, we provide individual and organizational strategies of reducing sickness presenteeism. Also, screening for workers who have experienced sickness presenteeism are needed to ensure good mental health.
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Data availability
The datasets generated and analyzed in the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful for the participants of the 6th Korean Working Condition Survey.
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This study did not receive external funding and specific grants.
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Conceptualization: Lim MH, Yoon JH, Won JU. Data curation: Lim MH. Formal analysis: Lim MH. Investigation: Lim MH. Methodology: Lim MH, Won JU. Validation: Lim MH, Won JU, Yoon JH. Visualization: Lim MH. Writing—original draft: Lim MH. Writing—review and editing: Lim MH, Baek SU, Kim MS, Kim TY.
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This study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Severance Hospital (Approval No. 4-2023-0764). Also, the study has complied with the ethical norms and standards of the Declaration of Helsinki. The consent from all participants in the sixth Korean Working Conditions Survey were obtained.
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Lim, MH., Kim, MS., Baek, SU. et al. Association between sickness presenteeism and depressive symptoms: a cross-sectional study using the 6th Korean working conditions survey. Int Arch Occup Environ Health (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-024-02061-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-024-02061-3