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Association of childhood rhinitis with phthalate acid esters in household dust in Shanghai residences

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Abstract

Objective

Phthalate acid esters (PAEs) have been identified to be associated with children’s health. Present study was conducted to assess associations between PAEs in household dust and childhood rhinitis.

Methods

Based on phase II of CCHH study (China, Children, Home, Health) conducted in Shanghai, China, 266 indoor dust samples were collected from participants’ families. Concentrations of PAEs in dust samples were measured by chemical treatment and gas chromatograph–mass spectrometer. Information about individuals and residences was surveyed by questionnaires. Logistic regression models were applied to obtain the associations between PAEs and childhood rhinitis.

Results

Higher concentrations of benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP) were found in those families with children who had diagnosed rhinitis. Significantly higher concentrations of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and PAEs with high molecular weight (HMW-PAEs) were found in the positive group of lifetime rhinitis. Using the multiple and ordinal logistic regression models adjusted by covariates, dibutyl phthalate (DBP), DEHP, and HMW-PAEs were found to be significantly associated with diagnosed rhinitis. Boys who exposure to higher concentrations of DBP, DEHP, HMW-PAEs, and total PAEs have significant associations with diagnosed rhinitis compared with girls who exposure to lower concentration of PAEs.

Conclusions

Present observational study indicated that exposure to high concentrations of DBP, DEHP, and HMW-PAEs in house settled dust was a risk factor for rhinitis for children, especially for boys.

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Funding

This work was support by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51708347); National key research and development program National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.2017YFC0702700); Shanghai Sailing Program (No.17YF1412800).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China

    Jialing Zhang, Chanjuan Sun, Rongchun Lu, Zhijun Zou & Chen Huang

  2. Institute for Health and Environment, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China

    Wei Liu

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  1. Jialing Zhang
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by JL Zhang, RC Lu, ZJ Zou, and W Liu. The first draft of the manuscript was written by JL Zhang. Writing—review and editing, project administration, and supervision were performed by CJ Sun and C Huang. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Chen Huang.

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Zhang, J., Sun, C., Lu, R. et al. Association of childhood rhinitis with phthalate acid esters in household dust in Shanghai residences. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 95, 629–643 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-021-01797-6

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