Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Risk of mental illness after the diagnosis of occupational injury or disease: a retrospective cohort study

  • Original Article
  • Published:
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objectives

As studies on mental disorders in victims of occupational injury or disease are limited, this study aims to evaluate the risk of, and factors associated with, the development of mental illness in patients with occupational injury or disease using insurance claims data from Taiwan.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study analyzed insurance records in Taiwan to identify 18,285 adults who experienced occupational injury or disease in 2002–2013 and 18,285 adults without occupational injury or disease who were matched by propensity score. The risks of mental disorders during a follow-up period of up to 2 years were estimated and compared between the two cohorts.

Results

After controlling for other variables, the odds of mental illness in patients with occupational injury or disease was significantly higher compared to patients without occupational injury or disease. Additional factors associated with higher odds of mental disorders included female gender, age ≥ 30 years (vs. 20–29 years), Charlson comorbidity index ≥ 1, occupation category of labor union member, soldier, insured by social security, religious group member (vs. private or government employee), lower premium-based monthly salary (≤ 576 US$), treatment at a district hospital or clinic (vs. medical center), treatment at a publically-owned or consortium-owned hospital (vs. private hospital), and central or southeast geographic location (vs. Taipei). The main types of mental illness were anxiety disorder (2.79%) and other psychoses (3.29%).

Conclusion

The risk of mental illness slightly increased during the 2-year period after the diagnosis of occupational injury or disease.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Asfaw A, Souza K (2012) Incidence and cost of depression after occupational injury. J Occup Environ Med 54:1086–1091

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Armenta RF, Rush T, LeardMann CA, Millegan J, Cooper A, Hoge CW, Millennium CST (2018) Factors associated with persistent posttraumatic stress disorder among U.S. military service members and veterans. BMC Psychiatry 18:48

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Becker JB, Hu M (2008) Sex differences in drug abuse. Front Neuroendocrinol 29:36–47

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Berecki-Gisolf J, Smith PM, Collie A, McClure RJ (2015) Gender differences in occupational injury incidence. Am J Ind Med 58:299–307

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brede E, Mayer TG, Gatchel RJ (2012) Prediction of failure to retain work 1 year after interdisciplinary functional restoration in occupational injuries. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 93:268–274

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, MacKenzie CR (1987) A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Dis 40:373–383

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cid Pedraza C, Herrera CA, Prieto Toledo L, Oyarzún F (2015) Mortality outcomes in hospitals with public, private not-for-profit and private for-profit ownership in Chile 2001–2010. Health Policy Plan 1:i75–81

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Concha-Barrientos M, Nelson DI, Fingerhut M, Driscoll T, Leigh J (2005) The global burden due to occupational injury. Am J Ind Med 48:470–481

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dersh J, Gatchel RJ, Mayer T, Polatin P, Temple OR (2006) Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with chronic disabling occupational spinal disorders. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 31:1156–1162

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Moraes VY, Jorge MR, Faloppa F, Belloti JC (2010) Anxiety and depression in Brazilian orthopaedics inpatients: a cross sectional study with a clinical sample comparison. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 17:31–37

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fauerbach JA, McKibben J, Bienvenu OJ, Magyar-Russell G, Smith MT, Holavanahalli R, Patterson DR, Wiechman SA, Blakeney P, Lezotte D (2007) Psychological distress after major burn injury. Psychosom Med 69:473–482

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gadalla T (2008) Association of comorbid mood disorders and chronic illness with disability and quality of life in Ontario, Canada. Chronic Dis Can 28:148–154

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hou YH, Lin SP, Chiu YL, Hsu YJ, Cheng LL (2011) Investigating the quality of outpatient care for diabetic patients in different health care organizations in Taiwan. Cheng Ching Med J 7:32–41

    Google Scholar 

  • Joffe MM, Rosenbaum PR (1999) Invited commentary: propensity scores. Am J Epidemiol 150:327–333

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim J (2013) Depression as a psychosocial consequence of occupational injury in the US working population: findings from the medical expenditure panel survey. BMC Public Health 13:303

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lax MB, Klein R (2008) More than meets the eye: social, economic, and emotional impacts of work-related injury and illness. New Solut 18:343–360

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lim SW, Shiue YL, Ho CH, Yu SC, Kao PH, Wang JJ, Kuo JR (2017) Anxiety and depression in patients with traumatic spinal cord injury: a nationwide population-based cohort study. PLoS ONE 12:e0169623

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lin KH, Guo NW, Shiao SC, Liao SC, Hu PY, Hsu JH, Hwang YH, Guo YL (2013) The impact of psychological symptoms on return to work in workers after occupational injury. J Occup Rehabil 23:55–62

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lin KH, Guo NW, Liao SC, Kuo CY, Hu PY, Hsu JH, Hwang YH, Guo YL (2012) Psychological outcome of injured workers at 3 months after occupational injury requiring hospitalization in Taiwan. J Occup Health 54:289–298

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lin KH, Chu PC, Kuo CY, Hwang YH, Wu SC, Guo YL (2014) Psychiatric disorders after occupational injury among National Health Insurance enrollees in Taiwan. Psychiatry Res 219:645–650

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lin KH, Shiao JS, Guo NW, Liao SC, Kuo CY, Hu PY, Hsu JH, Hwang YH, Guo YL (2017) Long-term psychological outcome of workers after occupational injury: prevalence and risk factors. J Occup Rehabil 24:1–10

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mangalore R, Knapp M (2012) Income-related inequalities in common mental disorders among ethnic minorities in England. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 47:351–359

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martin P (2003) The epidemiology of anxiety disorders: a review. Dialogues Clin Neurosci 5:281–298

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McLean CP, Asnaani A, Litz BT, Hofmann SG (2011) Gender differences in anxiety disorders: prevalence, course of illness, comorbidity and burden of illness. J Psychiatr Res 45:1027–1035

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ministry of Health and Welfare (2017) Taiwan’s leading causes of death in 2016. https://www.mohw.gov.tw/cp-3425-33347-2.html. Accessed 1 Aug 2018

  • Medicode (1996) ICD-9-CM: International classification of diseases, 9th revision, Clinical Modification. Salt Lake City

  • Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Ministry of Labor, Republic of China (2018) National Occupational Safety and Health Profile of Taiwan. https://she.mcu.edu.tw/sites/default/files/u3/National%2520Occupational%2520Safety%2520and%2520Health%2520Profile%2520of%2520Taiwan.pdf. Accessed 1 Aug 2018

  • O'Hagan FT, Ballantyne PJ, Vienneau P (2012) Mental health status of Ontario injured workers with permanent impairments. Can J Public Health 103:e303–e308

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Palmu R, Partonen T, Suominen K, Vuola J, Isometsä E (2015) Return to work six months after burn: a prospective study at the Helsinki Burn Center. Burns 41:1152–1160

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Patten SB (2001) Long-term medical conditions and major depression in a Canadian population study at waves 1 and 2. J Affect Disord 63:35–41

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Qin J, Kurowski A, Gore R, Punnett L (2014) The impact of workplace factors on filing of workers' compensation claims among nursing home workers. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 15:29

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rushton L (2017) The global burden of occupational disease. Curr Environ Health Rep 4:340–348

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sareen J, Afifi TO, McMillan KA, Asmundson GJ (2011) Relationship between household income and mental disorders: findings from a population-based longitudinal study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 68:419–427

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steel Z, Marnane C, Iranpour C, Chey T, Jackson JW, Patel V, Silove D (2014) The global prevalence of common mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis 1980–2013. Int J Epidemiol 43:476–493

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Takala J, Hämäläinen P, Saarela KL, Yun LY, Manickam K, Jin TW, Heng P, Tjong C, Kheng LG, Lim S, Lin GS (2014) Global estimates of the burden of injury and illness at work in 2012. J Occup Environ Hyg 11:326–337

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Author notes

    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, Tajen University, Pingtung, Taiwan

      Ming-Hung Lin

    2. Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

      Ming-Hung Lin

    3. Management of Planning and Coordinating Center Yuan’s General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

      Ya-Lun Yang

    4. Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan

      Fung-Chung Sung & Jong-Yi Wang

    5. Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan

      Fung-Chung Sung

    6. Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan

      Chiu-Shong Liu

    7. Department of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan

      Chiu-Shong Liu

    8. Department of Social Work, National Quemoy University, Kinmen, 892, Taiwan

      Chi-Hsuan Lung

    Authors
    1. Ming-Hung Lin
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    2. Ya-Lun Yang
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    3. Fung-Chung Sung
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    4. Chiu-Shong Liu
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    5. Chi-Hsuan Lung
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    6. Jong-Yi Wang
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    Contributions

    Conceptualization: M-HL, J-YW, Y-LY. Data curation: C-SL, C-HL, F-CS. Investigation: all authors. Methodology: all authors. Validation: C-SL, C-HL, F-CS. Resources: Y-LY, J-YW. Supervision: J-YW. Writing—original draft: M-HL, J-YW. Writing—review and editing: all authors.

    Corresponding author

    Correspondence to Jong-Yi Wang.

    Ethics declarations

    Conflict of interest

    The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

    Ethical approval

    This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee at China Medical University and Hospital (CMUH104-REC2-115-CR3). Informed consent was waived due to data anonymization. This study was financially supported by Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan (Grant no. MOST104-2410-H-039-006) and China Medical University in Taiwan (Grant no. CMU107-S-18).

    Additional information

    Publisher's Note

    Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

    Appendix

    Appendix

    See Tables

    Table 4 International classification of diseases for mental illness
    Full size table

    4 and

    Table 5 International standard classification substance-related disorders, emotional disorders and anxiety
    Full size table

    5.

    Rights and permissions

    Reprints and permissions

    About this article

    Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

    Cite this article

    Lin, MH., Yang, YL., Sung, FC. et al. Risk of mental illness after the diagnosis of occupational injury or disease: a retrospective cohort study. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 94, 55–68 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-020-01558-x

    Download citation

    • Received:

    • Accepted:

    • Published:

    • Issue Date:

    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-020-01558-x

    Keywords

    Search

    Navigation