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Longitudinal changes in pigment epithelial detachment composition indices (PEDCI): new biomarkers in neovascular age-related macular degeneration

  • Retinal Disorders
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Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate novel, automated biomarkers, pigment epithelial detachment composition indices (PEDCI) in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) undergoing anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy through 24 months.

Methods

Retrospective analysis of 37 eyes (34 patients) with PED associated with nAMD receiving as-needed anti-VEGF treatment was performed. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and optical coherence tomography images were acquired at a treatment-naïve baseline and 3-, 6-, 12-, 18-, and 24-month visits. Previously validated automated imaging biomarkers, PEDCI-S (serous), PEDCI-N (neovascular), and PEDCI-F (fibrous) within PEDs were measured. ANOVA analysis and Spearman correlation were performed.

Results

Mean BCVA (in logMAR) was 0.60 ± 0.47, 0.45 ± 0.41, 0.49 ± 0.49, 0.61 ± 0.54, 0.59 ± 0.56, and 0.67 ± 0.57 at baseline, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months respectively. Overall, BCVA showed minimal worsening of 0.07 ± 0.54 logMAR (p = 0.07). 13.38 ± 3.77 anti–VEGF injections were given through 24 months. PEDCI-F showed an increase of 0.116, 0.122, 0.036, and 0.006 at months 3, 6, 12, and 18 respectively and a decrease of 0.004 at month 24 (p = 0.03); PEDCI-S showed a decrease of 0.064, 0.130, 0.091, 0.092, and 0.095 at months 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 respectively (p = 0.16); PEDCI-N showed a decrease of 0.052 at month 3 and an increase of 0.008, 0.055, 0.086, and 0.099 at months 6, 12, 18, and 24 respectively (p = 0.06). BCVA was negatively correlated with PEDCI-F (r = -0.28, p < 0.01), and positively correlated with PEDCI-N (r = 0.28, p < 0.01) and PEDCI-S (r = 0.15, p = 0.03).

Conclusion

Longitudinal analysis of PEDCI supports their utility as biomarkers that characterize treatment related effects by quantifying the relative composition of PEDs.

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Funding

This work was supported by NIH CORE Grant P30 EY08098 to the Department of Ophthalmology, the Eye and Ear Foundation of Pittsburgh; the Shear Family Foundation Grant to the University of Pittsburgh Department of Ophthalmology; an unrestricted grant from Research to Prevent Blindness, New York, NY; and partly by Grant BT/PR16582/BID/7/667/2016.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Amrish Selvam, Stavan Shah, Vinisha Sant, Sanjana Harihar, Mohammed Nasar Ibrahim, José-Alain Sahel, Kiran Kumar Vupparaboina & Jay Chhablani

  2. Sri Sai Eye Hospital, Kankarbagh, Patna, Bihar, India

    Sumit Randhir Singh

  3. Nilima Sinha Medical College and Hospital, Rampur, India

    Sumit Randhir Singh

  4. Bahamas Vision Center and Princess Margaret Hospital, Nassau, NP, Bahamas

    Supriya Arora

  5. BJ Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India

    Manan Patel

  6. University of Michigan Kellogg Eye Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

    Joshua Ong

  7. Department of Ophthalmology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA

    Sanya Yadav

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  1. Amrish Selvam
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jay Chhablani.

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The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the University of Pittsburgh Institutional Review Board.

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Selvam, A., Shah, S., Singh, S.R. et al. Longitudinal changes in pigment epithelial detachment composition indices (PEDCI): new biomarkers in neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 262, 1489–1498 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-023-06335-3

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