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Current clinical applications of anterior segment optical coherence tomography angiography: a review

  • Review Article
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Abstract

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a revolutionary in vivo imaging technology that presents real-time information on ocular structures. Angiography based on OCT, known as optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), is a noninvasive and time-saving technique originally utilized for visualizing retinal vasculature. As devices and built-in systems have evolved, high-resolution images with depth-resolved analysis have assisted ophthalmologists in accurately localizing pathology and monitoring disease progression. With the aforementioned advantages, application of OCTA has extended from the posterior to anterior segment. This nascent adaptation showed good delineation of the vasculature in the cornea, conjunctiva, sclera, and iris. Thus, neovascularization of the avascular cornea and hyperemia or ischemic changes involving the conjunctiva, sclera, and iris has become prospective applications for AS-OCTA. Although traditional dye-based angiography is regarded as the gold standard in demonstrating vasculature in the anterior segment, AS-OCTA is expected to be a comparable but more patient-friendly alternative. In its initial stage, AS-OCTA has exhibited great potential in pathology diagnosis, therapeutic evaluation, presurgical planning, and prognosis assessments in anterior segment disorders. In this review of AS-OCTA, we aim to summarize scanning protocols, relevant parameters, and clinical applications as well as limitations and future directions. We are sanguine about its wide application in the future with the development of technology and refinement in built-in systems.

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Funding

This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant numbers 8217102 and 82000909).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China

    Yajing Wen, Dan Jiang, Kexin Tang & Wei Chen

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  1. Yajing Wen
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  2. Dan Jiang
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  3. Kexin Tang
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  4. Wei Chen
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Contributions

Wen, Yajing, had the idea for the article and drafted the work. Wen, Yajing, and Tang, Kexin, performed the literature search. Jiang, Dan, and Chen, Wei, critically revised the work.

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Correspondence to Wei Chen.

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Wen, Y., Jiang, D., Tang, K. et al. Current clinical applications of anterior segment optical coherence tomography angiography: a review. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 261, 2729–2741 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-023-05997-3

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