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Iridian anterior segment OCT in rubella uveitis syndrome and cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis: a comparative study

  • Inflammatory Disorders
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Abstract

Purpose

To compare iris affectation in cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis (CMVAU), rubella virus-associated uveitis (RVU), and healthy contralateral eyes, using swept-source anterior segment optical coherence tomography (SS-AS-OCT).

Materials and methods

A comparative, transversal, retrospective study examining 60 eyes from 30 patients—18 eyes (17 patients) with CMVAU, 14 eyes (13 patients) with RVU, and 28 healthy eyes—was performed. Six-millimeter cross-sectional SS-AS-OCT B-scans were obtained in each iris quadrant. Images were exported to ImageJ®. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were done: stromal thickness (ST), smooth index (SI), and optical density (OD) of pigment epithelium. Comparisons between measurements and clinical-demographic parameters were performed using SPSS®.

Results

Qualitative analysis showed extensive damage in iris stroma but was unable to differentiate between both uveitis. RVU eyes had a lower mean ST (315.72 μm ± 42.4) compared to those with CMVAU (348.6 μm ± 46) (p = 0.047) and a lower ST in the upper (338.9 μm ± 38.52)/(386.25 μm ± 47.2) (p = 0.005) and temporal (281.5 μm ± 57.3)/(326.43 μm ± 62.3) (p = 0.016) quadrants. Mean (0.94 ± 0.02)/(0.9 ± 0.03) (p = 0.001), temporal (0.94 ± 0.02)/(0.89 ± 0.03) (p < 0.001), and nasal SI (0.094 ± 0.02)/(0.9 ± 0.04) (p = 0.005) were higher in RVU. OD was similar in both uveitis. In healthy eyes, mean ST (376.8 μm ± 39.7) was higher and mean SI was lower (0.87 ± 0.04) than in RVU (p < 0.001) and CMVAU eyes (p = 0.032). Mean OD was higher in healthy eyes (911 ± 130) than in CMVAU eyes (800 ± 200) (p = 0.037).

Conclusions

The quantitative analysis of the SS-AS-OCT iris images allows for the differentiation between healthy eyes and those with CMVAU and RVU, as well as between both uveitis.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Rodrigo Lisazo, Lorena Vega, Santiago Clement, and the Immunology and Microbiology Services of the Hospital Universitario de la Princesa and Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro for their kind contribution to this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, C/Diego de Leon, 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain

    Patricia Escribano Lopez & Juan Jacobo Gonzalez Guijarro

  2. Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, C/Joaquin Rodrigo, 1, 28222, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain

    Patricia Escribano Lopez

  3. Ospedale Villa Igea, Ospedali Privati Forli, Viale Antonio Gramsci, 42, 47122, Forli, FC, Italy

    Patricia Escribano Lopez

  4. Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, C. Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain

    Juan Jacobo Gonzalez Guijarro

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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Patricia Escribano and J. Jacobo González. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Patricia Escribano and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Patricia Escribano Lopez.

Ethics declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate

Approval was obtained from the Comité de Ética de La Investigación con Medicamentos, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa (reg. number: 4717). All procedures performed in the study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments.

Informed consent

The institutional review board ruled that informed consent was not required for this study.

Conflict of interest

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. None of the authors have any financial interest in any material mentioned in this article. The authors have no conflicts of interest. All authors attest that they meet the current ICMJE criteria for authorship.

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Escribano Lopez, P., Gonzalez Guijarro, J.J. Iridian anterior segment OCT in rubella uveitis syndrome and cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis: a comparative study. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 260, 3647–3655 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-022-05733-3

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