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Visual field progression in Malay patients with primary glaucoma: survival analysis and prognostic factors

  • Glaucoma
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to determine the 5-year visual field progression and identify the prognostic factors for progression in Malay patients with primary glaucoma.

Methods

A retrospective cohort record review study was conducted among 222 patients (222 eyes) with primary glaucoma who were selected from a glaucoma research database of a tertiary center in Malaysia. The patients were Malays and diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) or primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG). Patients who were followed up regularly for at least 6 months between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2014 and completed another 1-year follow-up after recruitment (between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2015) were selected. Multiple prognostic factors that influence visual field progression were identified. Progression of visual field loss was based on the Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Study and Hodapp–Parrish–Anderson scores. Kaplan–Meier survival and Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were performed.

Results

Sixty-three patients (28.4%) developed visual field progression after a mean (SD) follow-up of 6.9 (3.3) years. Those with POAG progressed faster (mean time, 10.6 years; 95% confidence interval [CI], 9.3, 11.9) than those with PACG (17.3 years; 95% CI, 14.8, 19.9) but not statistically significant. Disc hemorrhage and history of eye pain increased the risk of progression by 2.8-folds (95% CI, 1.6, 4.8) and 2.5-folds (1.4, 4.4), respectively.

Conclusion

The 5-year survival of the Malay primary glaucoma patients with visual field progression was similar with that of other Asian populations. However, aggressive management is required for those with disc hemorrhages and eye pain related to increased intraocular pressure.

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Data availability

The data sets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Code availability

Not applicable.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unit of Biostatistics and Research Methodology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia

    Wan Masri Wan-Ezatul-Arisha, Majdi Yaakob Najib & Bachok Norsa’adah

  2. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia

    Shi Jin Diana-Toh, Abdul Satar Huwaina, Yaakub Azhany & Ahmad Tajudin Liza-Sharmini

  3. Eye Clinic, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia

    Shi Jin Diana-Toh, Abdul Satar Huwaina, Yaakub Azhany & Ahmad Tajudin Liza-Sharmini

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  1. Wan Masri Wan-Ezatul-Arisha
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  2. Shi Jin Diana-Toh
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  3. Abdul Satar Huwaina
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Correspondence to Ahmad Tajudin Liza-Sharmini.

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Ethics approval

This study received ethical approval from the Research and Ethical Committee, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (Reference code: USM/JePEM/16090340), and was conducted in accordance to Declaration of Helsinki for human research.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Patients signed informed consent regarding publishing their data.

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Part of this study was presented as e-poster in the 34th Asia Pacific Academy of Ophthalmology Congress Bangkok Thailand 6–9 March 2019. the abstract is available in the program book page 144.

Progression of Primary Glaucoma in Malays: Survival Analysis Outcome.

Diana-Toh SJ, Wan Ezatul Arisha WM, Najib MY, Norsa’adah B, Liza-Sharmini AT.

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Wan-Ezatul-Arisha, W.M., Diana-Toh, S.J., Huwaina, A.S. et al. Visual field progression in Malay patients with primary glaucoma: survival analysis and prognostic factors. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 260, 2003–2012 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-021-05466-9

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