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Ocular fixation and macular integrity by microperimetry in multiple sclerosis

  • Neurophthalmology
  • Published:
Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

To characterize the fixation and macular integrity of subjects with multiple sclerosis (MS) with and without previous optic neuritis (ON) using microperimetry (MP).

Methods

Fifty-five eyes of MS patients, subdivided into three groups (28 eyes without ON, 16 with previous ON, and 11 eyes with previous ON in the contralateral eye), and 43 healthy eyes were enrolled (January–November 2018). All cases were evaluated using the MAIA microperimeter (Centervue), analyzing the following parameters: average macular threshold (AT), fixation indexes (P1 and P2), bivariate contour ellipse area (BCEA) for 95% and 63% of points, and horizontal (H) and vertical (V) axes of the ellipse of fixation.

Results

All MS groups showed a significant reduced AT compared with the control group (p < 0.001). This reduction was more representative (p < 0.001) in eyes with previous ON. No statistically significant differences were found between MS patients with and without previous ON (p > 0.05). Mean AT was correlated with the examination time in all three groups (between ρ = − 0.798 p < 0.001 and ρ = − 0.49 p < 0.001). Significant differences in fixation parameters were only found between control and MS with ON groups (p < 0.02). The ratio of the disease showed a significant correlation with fixation parameters in MS groups (p < 0.02), but not with AT.

Conclusions

In MS patients, macular sensitivity is altered, especially in eyes with previous ON. Likewise, a fixational instability is present in MS patients with ON, with more increase of the V axis of the fixation area than of the H. The ratio of the disease also affects the patient fixation pattern.

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Funding

The author David P Piñero has been supported by the Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness of Spain within the program Ramón y Cajal, RYC-2016-20471. No additional funding was received for the performance of this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Clínica Optométrica – Foundation Lluís Alcanyís, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain

    Amparo Gil-Casas

  2. Optics and Visual Perception Group (GOPV). Department of Optics, Pharmacology and Anatomy, University of Alicante, Crta San Vicente del Raspeig s/n 03016. San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain

    Amparo Gil-Casas, David P. Piñero Llorens & Ainhoa Molina-Martin

Authors
  1. Amparo Gil-Casas
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  2. David P. Piñero Llorens
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  3. Ainhoa Molina-Martin
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to David P. Piñero Llorens.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the ethics committee of the University of Valencia (Valencia, Spain) and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in the medical devices that are involved in this manuscript.

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Gil-Casas, A., Piñero Llorens, D.P. & Molina-Martin, A. Ocular fixation and macular integrity by microperimetry in multiple sclerosis. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 259, 157–164 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-020-04948-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-020-04948-6

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