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Enlargement of the foveal avascular zone detected by optical coherence tomography angiography in diabetic children without diabetic retinopathy

  • Retinal Disorders
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose

Evaluation of foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in children with diabetes (DM) using OCTA.

Methods

We examined 112 diabetic children without DR aged 6–18 years and 30 age-matched controls using Topcon OCT Angiography and measured FAZ in superficial (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP). The study group was divided into three subgroups depending on DM duration group 1: < 5 years (n = 40), group 2: 5–10 years (n = 42), group 3: > 10 years (n = 30).

Results

The mean DCP FAZ increased with DM duration from 502.2 μm2 (SD 137.8) in group 1 to 523.9 μm2 (SD 159.2) in group 2 and 539.7 μm2 (SD 189.1) in group 3. Control group differed significantly from group 1 (p = 0.0120), group 2 (p = 0.0019) and group 3 (p = 0.0011). The mean DCP to SCP FAZ surface ratio was 1.88 (SD 0.68) in the study vs 1.58 (SD 0.48) in the control group (p = 0.0232). The DCP and SCP FAZ surface difference was 217.6 μm2 (SD 100.8 μm2) in diabetics vs. 124.2 μm2 (SD 72.8 μm2) in controls (p < 0.0001). In the control group, it was significantly smaller than in group 1 (p < 0.006), group 2 (p < 0.0001) and group 3 (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions

Changes can be detected in FAZ of diabetic children before DR development which can be vital for screening.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Western Eye Hospital, Ophthalmology, 153-173 Marylebone Road, London, NW1 5QT, UK

    Magdalena Niestrata-Ortiz

  2. Department of Paediatric Diabetes and Obesity, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 27/33 Szpitalna Street, 60-572, Poznan, Poland

    Piotr Fichna & Witold Stankiewicz

  3. Department of Ophthalmology, Chair of Ophthalmology and Optometry. Heliodor Swiecicki University Hospital, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 16/18 Grunwaldzka Street, 60-780, Poznan, Poland

    Marcin Stopa

Authors
  1. Magdalena Niestrata-Ortiz
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  2. Piotr Fichna
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  3. Witold Stankiewicz
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  4. Marcin Stopa
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Correspondence to Magdalena Niestrata-Ortiz.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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All subjects and in case of patients under the age of 18 years, all parents, have given informed consent. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Medical Sciences in Poznań.

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Niestrata-Ortiz, M., Fichna, P., Stankiewicz, W. et al. Enlargement of the foveal avascular zone detected by optical coherence tomography angiography in diabetic children without diabetic retinopathy. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 257, 689–697 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-019-04264-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-019-04264-8

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