Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study is to review anatomical and functional outcomes following macular buckling (MB) in high myopia and to compare such results with those obtained by pars plana vitrectomy (PPV).
Methods
PubMed articles on MB in high myopia (2000–2016) were reviewed. Main outcomes included retinal reattachment and macular hole (MH) closure rates, resolution of myopic foveoschisis (MFS), and postoperative visual acuity.
Results
Thirty-one articles included 16 in patients with retinal detachment due to MH (MHRD group), 11 in MFS with or without foveal detachment (MFS group), and 4 in MH patients with MFS (MH-MFS group). Surgical techniques mainly differed in the type of buckle, rectus muscles involvement, and concurrent PPV. In eyes with persistent MH, prognosis in the MHRD and MH-MFS groups differed between eyes receiving MB compared to PPV: functional outcome was markedly poorer and there was a higher risk of retinal redetachment associated with PPV. In the MSF group, secondary MHs were more likely to develop in eyes treated with PPV and internal limiting membrane peeling than those undergoing MB alone or combined with PPV. Retinal pigment epithelium changes, malpositioning, perforation, and choroidal detachment were the main complications.
Conclusions
Although different approaches are used, complete resolution of foveoschisis, retinal reattachment, and MH closure seem to be achieved more frequently with MB than PPV.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Schepens CL, Okamura ID, Brockhurst RJ (1957) The scleral buckling procedure. I. Surgical technique and management. AMA Arch Ophthal 58:797
Adams ST (1961) Retinal detachment due to macular and small posterior holes. Arch Ophthalmol 66:528–533
Rosengren B (1966) The silver plomb method in macular holes. Trans Ophthalmol Soc U K 86:49–53
Oliver GL (1969) Retinal detachments caused by macular and perimacular breaks. Can J Ophthalmol 4:24–26
Siam A (1969) Macular hole with central retinal detachment in high myopia with posterior staphyloma. Br J Ophthalmol 53(1):62–63
Margherio RU, Schepens CL (1972) Macular breaks. 2: management. Am J Ophthalmol 74:233–240
Theodossiadis GP (1973) A simplified technique for the surgical treatment of retinal detachments resulting from macula holes (author's transl). Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd 162(6):719–728
Siam AL (1973) Management of central retinal detachment due to a macular hole. Br J Ophthalmol 57(5):351–354
Klöti R (1974) Silver clip for central retinal detachments with macular hole. Mod Probl Ophthalmol 12(0):330–336
Feman SS, Hepler RS, Straatsma BR (1974) Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment due to macular hole. Management with cryotherapy and a Y-shaped sling. Arch Ophthalmol 91(5):371–372
Ando F (1980) Use of a special maculae explant in surgery for retinal detachment in macular hole. Jpn J Ophthalmol 24:29–34
Landolfo V, Albini L, Romano A (1986) Macular hole-induced retinal detachment: treatment with an "armed-silicone" implant. Ophthalmic Surg 17(12):810–812
Theodossiadis GP (1982) Treatment of retinal detachment due to macular holes without chorio-retinal lesions. A seven-year follow-up study. Trans Ophthalmol Soc U K 102(Pt 1):198–202
Sasoh M, Yoshida S, Ito Y et al (2000) Macular buckling for retinal detachment due to macular hole in highly myopic eyes with posterior staphyloma. Retina 20(5):445–449
Mateo C, Dutra Medeiros M, Alkabes M et al (2013) Illuminated Ando Plombe for optimal positioning in highly myopic eyes with vitreoretinal diseases secondary to posterior staphyloma. JAMA Ophthalmol 131(10):1359–1362
Parolini B, Frisina R, Pinackatt S et al (2015) Indications and results of a new L-shaped macular buckle to support a posterior staphyloma in high myopia. Retina 35(12):2469–2482
Forlini M, Szkaradek M, Rejdak R et al (2017) Modification of adjustable macular buckling with 29-G chandelier light for optimal positioning in highly myopic eyes with macular hole. Retin Cases Brief Rep 11(3):249–254
Devin F, Tsui I, Morin B et al (2011) T-shaped scleral buckle for macular detachments in high myopes. Retina 31(1):177–180
Tian J, Tang LS, Guo XJ, Luo YH (2013) Episcleral macular buckling for posterior retinal detachment in silicone oil filled eyes associated with myopic macular hole. Int J Ophthalmol 2013 6(2):165–168
Ripandelli G, Coppé AM, Fedeli R et al (2001) Evaluation of primary surgical procedures for retinal detachment with macular hole in highly myopic eyes: a randomized comparison of vitrectomy versus posterior episcleral bucking surgery. Ophthalmology 108:2258–2264
Theodossiadis GP, Theodossiadis PG (2005) The macular buckling procedure in the treatment of retinal detachment in highly myopic eyes with macular hole and posterior staphyloma: mean follow-up of 15 years. Retina 25:285–289
Ando F, Ohba N, Touura K, Hirose H (2007) Anatomical and visual outcomes after episcleral macular buckling compared with those after pars plana vitrectomy for retinal detachment caused by macular hole in highly myopic eyes. Retina 27:37–44
Alkabes M, Burés-Jelstrup A, Salinas C et al (2014) Macular buckling for previously untreated and recurrent retinal detachment due to high myopic macular hole: a 12-month comparative study. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 252(4):571–581
Mortada HA (2013) A novel episcleral macular buckling: wire-strengthened sponge exoplant for recurrent macular hole and retinal detachment in high myopic eyes. Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Ophthalmol 2(1):14–19
El Rayes EN (2014) Supra choroidal buckling in managing myopic vitreoretinal interface disorders: 1-year data. Retina 34(1):129–135
Mura M, Iannetta D, Buschini E, de Smet MD. (2016) T-shaped macular buckling combined with 25G pars plana vitrectomy for macular hole, macular schisis, and macular detachment in highly myopic eyes. Br J Ophthalmol. pii: bjophthalmol-2015-308124. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2015-308124.
Tanaka T, Ando F, Usui M (2005) Episcleral macular buckling by semirigid shaped-rod exoplant for recurrent retinal detachment with macular hole in highly myopic eyes. Retina 25:147–151
Siam AL, El Maamoun TA, Ali MH (2012) Macular buckling for myopic macular hole retinal detachment: a new approach. Retina 32(4):748–753
Bedda AM, Abdel Hadi AM, Abd Al Shafy MS (2015) A comparative study between vitrectomy with internal tamponade and a new modified fiber optic illuminated Ando Plombe for cases of macular hole retinal detachment in myopic eyes. J Ophthalmol 2015:841925. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/841925
Qi Y, Duan AL, You QS et al (2015) Posterior scleral reinforcement and vitrectomy for myopic foveoschisis in extreme myopia. Retina 35(2):351–357
Li XJ, Yang XP, Li QM et al (2016) Posterior scleral reinforcement combined with vitrectomy for myopic foveoschisis. Int J Ophthalmol 9(2):258–261
Baba T, Tanaka S, Maesawa A et al (2006) Scleral buckling with macular plombe for eyes with myopic macular retinoschisis and retinal detachment without macular hole. Am J Ophthalmol 142(3):483–487
Mateo C, Burés-Jelstrup A, Navarro R, Corcóstegui B (2012) Macular buckling for eyes with myopic foveoschisis secondary to posterior staphyloma. Retina 32(6):1121–1128
Mateo C, Gómez-Resa MV, Burés-Jelstrup A, Alkabes M (2013) Surgical outcomes of macular buckling techniques for macular retinoschisis in highly myopic eyes. Saudi J Ophthalmol 27(4):235–239
Ji X, Wang J, Zhang J et al (2011) The effect of posterior scleral reinforcement for high myopia macular splitting. J Int Med Res 39(2):662–666
Liu B, Ma W, Li Y et al (2016) Macular buckling using a three-armed silicone capsule for foveoschisis associated with high myopia. Retina 36(10):1919–1926
Zhu Z, Ji X, Zhang J, Ke G (2009) Posterior scleral reinforcement in the treatment of macular retinoschisis in highly myopic patients. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 37(7):660–663
Ward B (2013) Degenerative myopia: myopic macular schisis and the posterior pole buckle. Retina 33(1):224–231
Burés-Jelstrup A, Alkabes M, Gómez-Resa M et al (2014) Visual and anatomical outcome after macular buckling for macular hole with associated foveoschisis in highly myopic eyes. Br J Ophthalmol 98(1):104–109
Cacciamani A, Lazzeri S, Rossi T et al (2016) Adjustable macular buckling for full-thickness macular hole with foveoschisis in highly myopic eyes: long-term anatomical and functional results. Retina 36(4):709–716
Curtin BJ (1977) The posterior staphyloma of pathologic myopia. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 75:67–86
Gaucher D, Haouchine B, Tadayoni R et al (2007) Long-term follow-up of high myopic foveoschisis: natural course and surgical outcome. Am J Ophthalmol 143:455–462
Shimada N, Ohno-Matsui K, Baba T et al (2006) Natural course of macular retinoschisis in highly myopic eyes without macular hole or retinal detachment. Am J Ophthalmol 142:497–500
Sun CB, Liu Z, Xue AQ, Yao K (2010) Natural evolution from macular retinoschisis to full-thickness macular hole in highly myopic eyes. Eye (Lond) 24(12):1787–1791
Jo Y, Ikuno Y, Nishida K (2012) Retinoschisis: a predictive factor in vitrectomy for macular holes without retinal detachment in highly myopic eyes. Br J Ophthalmol 96(2):197–200
Ikuno Y, Tano Y (2006) Vitrectomy for macular holes associated with myopic foveoschisis. Am J Ophthalmol 141(4):774–776
Panozzo G, Mercanti A (2004) Optical coherence tomography findings in myopic traction maculopathy. Arch Ophthalmol 122(10):1455–1460
Ikuno Y, Gomi F, Tano Y (2005) Potent retinal arteriolar traction as a possible cause of myopic foveoschisis. Am J Ophthalmol 139(3):462–467
Uchida A, Shinoda H, Koto T et al (2014) Vitrectomy for myopic foveoschisis with internal limiting membrane peeling and no gas tamponade. Retina 34(3):455–460
Fujikawa M, Kawamura H, Kakinoki M et al (2014) Scleral imbrication combined with vitrectomy and gas tamponade for refractory macular hole retinal detachment associated with high myopia. Retina 34(12):2451–2457
Baba T, Tanaka S, Nizawa T et al (2016) Scleral imbrication combined with pars plana vitrectomy without internal limiting membrane peeling for myopic schisis. Retina 36(10):1927–1934
Gonvers M, Machemer R (1982) A new approach to treating retinal detachment with macular hole. Am J Ophthalmol 94:468–472
Wolfensberger TJ, Gonvers M (1999) Long-term follow-up of retinal detachment due to macular hole in myopic eyes treated by temporary silicone oil tamponade and laser photocoagulation. Ophthalmology 106(9):1786–1791
Chen YP, Chen TL, Yang KR et al (2006) Treatment of retinal detachment resulting from posterior staphyloma-associated macular hole in highly myopic eyes. Retina 26:25–31
Sayanagi K, Ikuno Y, Tano Y (2005) Macular hole diameter after vitrectomy for macular hole and retinal detachment. Retina 25(5):608–611
Ikuno Y, Sayanagi K, Oshima T et al (2003) Optical coherence tomography findings of macular hole and retinal detachment after vitrectomy in highly myopic eyes. Am J Ophthalmol 136:477–481
Nishimura A, Kimura M, Saito Y, Sugiyama K (2011) Efficacy of primary silicone oil tamponade for the treatment of retinal detachment caused by macular hole in high myopia. Am J Ophthalmol 151(1):148–155
Nakanishi H, Kuriyama S, Saito I et al (2008) Prognostic factor analysis in pars plana vitrectomy for retinal detachment attributable to macular hole in high myopia: a multicenter study. Am J Ophthalmol 146(2):198–204
Suda K, Hangai M, Yoshimura N (2011) Axial length and outcomes of macular hole surgery assessed by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Am J Ophthalmol 151(1):118–127.e1
Nadal J, Verdaguer P, Canut MI (2012) Treatment of retinal detachment secondary to macular hole in high myopia: vitrectomy with dissection of the inner limiting membrane to the edge of the staphyloma and long-term tamponade. Retina 32(8):1525–1530
Arias L, Caminal JM, Rubio MJ et al (2015) Autofluorescence and axial length as prognostic factors for outcomes of macular hole retinal detachment surgery in high myopia. Retina 35(3):423–428
Uemoto R, Saito Y, Sato S et al (2003) Better success of retinal reattachment with long-standing gas tamponade in highly myopic eyes. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 241(10):792–796
Scholda C, Wirtitsch M, Biowski R, Stur M (2005) Primary silicone oil tamponade without retinopexy in highly myopic eyes with central macular hole detachments. Retina 25:141–146
Semeraro F, Morescalchi F, Russo A et al (2014) Tamponade or filling effect: changes of forces in myopic eyes. Biomed Res Int.;2014:618382. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/618382
Fawcett IM, Williams RL, Wong D (1994) Contact angles of substances used for internal tamponade in retinal detachment surgery. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 232(7):438–444
Lim LS, Tsai A, Wong D et al (2014) Prognostic factor analysis of vitrectomy for retinal detachment associated with myopic macular holes. Ophthalmology 121(1):305–310
Qian J, Jiang YR (2010) Anatomic evaluation of macular holes with silicone oil tamponades in highly myopic eyes using optical coherence tomography. Eur J Ophthalmol 20:938–944
Cheung BT, Lai YY, Yuen CY et al (2007) Results of high-density silicone oil as a tamponade agent in macular hole retinal detachment in patients with high myopia. Br J Ophthalmol 91:719–721
Avitabile T, Bonfiglio V, Buccoliero D et al (2011) Heavy versus standard silicone oil in the management of retinal detachment with macular hole in myopic eyes. Retina 31:540–546
Sandner D, Herbrig E, Engelmann K (2007) High-density silicone oil (Densiron) as a primary intraocular tamponade: 12-month follow up. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 245(8):1097–1105
Mete M, Parolini B, Maggio E, Pertile G (2011) 1000 cSt silicone oil vs heavy silicone oil as intraocular tamponade in retinal detachment associated to myopic macular hole. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 249:821–826
Christensen UC, la Cour M (2012) Visual loss after use of intraocular silicone oil associated with thinning of inner retinal layers. Acta Ophthalmol 90(8):733–737
Ikuno Y, Sayanagi K, Soga K et al (2008) Foveal anatomical status and surgical results in vitrectomy for myopic foveoschisis. Jpn J Ophthalmol 52(4):269–276
Shimada N, Ohno-Matsui K, Yoshida T et al (2008) Progression from macular retinoschisis to retinal detachment in highly myopic eyes is associated with outer lamellar hole formation. Br J Ophthalmol 92(6):762–764
Polito A, Lanzetta P, Del Borrello M, Bandello F (2003) Spontaneous resolution of a shallow detachment of the macula in a highly myopic eye. Am J Ophthalmol 135(4):546–547
Alkabes M, Pichi F, Nucci P et al (2014) Anatomical and visual outcomes in high myopic macular hole (HM-MH) without retinal detachment: a review. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 252(2):191–199
Kobayashi H, Kishi S (2003) Vitreous surgery for highly myopic eyes with foveal detachment and retinoschisis. Ophthalmology 110(9):1702–1707
Gao X, Ikuno Y, Fujimoto S, Nishida K (2013) Risk factors for development of full-thickness macular holes after pars plana vitrectomy for myopic foveoschisis. Am J Ophthalmol 155(6):1021–1027.e1
Shimada N, Sugamoto Y, Ogawa M et al (2012) Fovea-sparing internal limiting membrane peeling for myopic traction maculopathy. Am J Ophthalmol 154(4):693–701
Ho TC, Chen MS, Huang JS et al (2012) Foveola nonpeeling technique in internal limiting membrane peeling of myopic foveoschisis surgery. Retina 32(3):631–634
Ikuno Y, Tano Y (2003) Early macular holes with retinoschisis in highly myopic eyes. Am J Ophthalmol 136(4):741–744
Oie Y, Ikuno Y, Fujikado T, Tano Y (2005) Relation of posterior staphyloma in highly myopic eyes with macular hole and retinal detachment. Jpn J Ophthalmol 49(6):530–532
Wollensak G, Spoerl E, Grosse G, Wirbelauer C (2006) Biomechanical significance of the human internal limiting lamina. Retina 26(8):965–968
Mateo C, Burés-Jelstrup A (2016) Macular buckling with ando plombe may increase choroidal thickness and mimic serous retinal detachment seen in the tilted disk syndrome. Retin Cases Brief Rep 10(4):327–330. https://doi.org/10.1097/ICB.0000000000000261
Sayanagi K, Ikuno Y, Soga K et al (2007) Residual indocyanine green fluorescence pattern after vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling in high myopia. Am J Ophthalmol 144(4):600–607
Stirpe M, Ripandelli G, Rossi T et al (2012) A new adjustable macular buckle designed for highly myopic eyes. Retina 32(7):1424–1427
Pradeep S, Vinay Kumar S. (2015) Macular Buckle in Myopia, Sci J Med & Vis Res Foun; XXXIII:71–74
Rosales Meneses JL (2017) Macular buckle: indication and limitations. EC Ophthalmology 6(5):141–144
Presentation at a meeting
Partially presented at the EURETINA Meeting in 2017 (Barcelona).
Funding
No funding was received for this research.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers’ bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.
Ethical approval
All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
Informed consent
For this type of study, formal consent is not required.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Alkabes, M., Mateo, C. Macular buckle technique in myopic traction maculopathy: a 16-year review of the literature and a comparison with vitreous surgery. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 256, 863–877 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-018-3947-3
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-018-3947-3