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Comparison of hyperbaric oxygen versus iloprost treatment in an experimental rat central retinal artery occlusion model

  • Basic Science
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose

Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is one of the serious ophthalmological emergencies with poor visual prognosis. Iloprost is a stable prostacyclin analogue and has prominent anti-edema, anti-inflammatory, vasodilatory, and antiagregant effects. The main objective of this work was to investigate iloprost as an alternative agent versus hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) in the treatment of CRAO.

Methods

Twenty-eight healthy Wistar albino male rats were randomly assigned into control (n = 7, sham operation), HBO (n = 7), iloprost (n = 7), and sham groups (n = 7). CRAO model was created through optic nerve exploration and ligation. Full-thickness retina (FTR), outer nuclear layer (ONL), inner nuclear layer (INL) and ganglion cell layer (GCL) thickness were measured on Hematoxylin/Eosin (H&E) stained retinal sections and immunohistochemical analysis including terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated biotindeoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay was performed to determine the apoptotic index (AI).

Results

AI values of HBO (0.204 ± 0.067) and iloprost (0.197 ± 0.052) groups were significantly lower than sham (0.487 ± 0.046) group (p < 0.001). Any significant difference was found between the HBO and iloprost groups in terms of AI (p = 0.514). A statistically significant increase in thickness of FTR, ONL, INL and GCL was detected in HBO, iloprost and sham groups compared to the control group (p = 0.002). FTR, ONL, INL and GCL thickness were significantly thinner in HBO and iloprost groups than in the sham group (p = 0.002). A significant lesser increase was observed in all the retinal layers thickness in iloprost group versus HBO group (p = 0.002) except for INL (p = 0.665).

Conclusions

The study results demonstrated anti-edema, neuroprotective, and anti-apoptotic effects of iloprost quantitatively; thus, iloprost may be a beneficial alternative agent in the treatment of CRAO.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Ağrı State Hospital, Ağrı, Turkey

    Suleyman Karaman

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, Medical School, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey

    Berna Ozkan & Ozgur Kara

  3. Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey

    Yusufhan Yazir, Melda Yardimoglu & Selenay Rencber

  4. Department of Ophthalmology, Ministry of Health, Ordu University Research and Training Hospital, Ordu, 52200, Turkey

    Mustafa Gok

  5. Department of Pathology, Medical School, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey

    Cigdem Vural

  6. Oksimed Hyperbaric Oxygen Clinic, Kocaeli, Turkey

    Salih K. Emek

Authors
  1. Suleyman Karaman
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mustafa Gok.

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Funding

No funding was received for this research. This work was supported by Kocaeli University Scientific Research Projects Unit (KOU-BAP: project No.2012/002).

Financial disclosure

The authors have no financial or proprietary interest in any product mentioned in the article.

Conflict of interest

All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers’ bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.

Animal experiments

Ethical approval: “All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.”

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Karaman, S., Ozkan, B., Yazir, Y. et al. Comparison of hyperbaric oxygen versus iloprost treatment in an experimental rat central retinal artery occlusion model. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 254, 2209–2215 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-016-3444-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-016-3444-5

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