Abstract
Background
The aim of this meta-analysis is to investigate the possible effect of hinge location on corneal sensation and dry eye syndrome after laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).
Methods
A comprehensive literature search was conducted in the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Controlled Trials Register to identify potentially relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of comparing the effects of horizontal-hinge flaps and vertical-hinge flaps on corneal sensation and dry eye after LASIK. Meta-analyses were performed for corneal sensation, tear break-up time (TBUT), Schirmer's I test and corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) at 1 week, 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively.
Results
Eight RCTs (657 eyes) investigating the effects of hinge location on the corneal sensation and dry eye syndrome after LASIK were identified. The results showed that the horizontal-hinge group causes less loss of sensation than the vertical-hinge group, and the difference was significant at 3-month postoperative (p = 0.01). The TBUT value was significantly larger and a lower percentage of patients with CFS in the horizontal-hinge group than in the vertical-hinge group at 1-month postoperative (p = 0.007 and p = 0.01, respectively) and 3-month (p = 0.03 and p = 0.009, respectively); Schirmer's I test values were also higher in the horizontal-hinge group, but the difference did not reach statistically significance at each postoperative period.
Conclusions
According to the available data, we suggest that hinge location may have some effect on corneal sensation and dry eye syndrome after LASIK at the early postoperative period. However, there was no significant difference between the groups at 6 months after surgery. Further well-organized, prospective, randomized studies involving more patients are warranted.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Yu EYW, Leung A, Rao S, Lam DSC (2000) Effect of laser in situ keratomileusis on tear stability. Ophthalmology 107:2131–2135
Jabbur NS, Sakatani K, O'Brien TP (2004) Survey of complications and recommendations for management in dissatisfied patients seeking a consultation after refractive surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg 30:1867–1874
Levinson BA, Rapuano CJ, Cohen EJ, Hammersmith KM, Ayres BD, Laibson PR (2008) Referrals to the Wills Eye Institute Cornea Service after laser in situ keratomileusis: reasons for patient dissatisfaction. J Cataract Refract Surg 34:32–39
Ambrosio R Jr, Tervo T, Wilson SE (2008) LASIK-associated dry eye and neurotrophic epitheliopathy: pathophysiology and strategies for prevention and treatment. J Refract Surg 24:396–407
Chuck RS, Quiros PA, Perez AC, McDonnell PJ (2000) Corneal sensation after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 26:337–339
Situ P, Simpson TL, Fonn D, Jones LW (2008) Conjunctival and corneal pneumatic sensitivity is associated with signs and symptoms of ocular dryness. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 49:2971–2976
Vroman DT, Sandoval HP, Fernandez de Castro LE, Kasper TJ, Holzer MP, Solomon KD (2005) Effect of hinge location on corneal sensation and dry eye after laser in situ keratomileusis for myopia. J Cataract Refract Surg 31:1881–1887
Donnenfeld ED, Solomon K, Perry HD, Doshi SJ, Ehrenhaus M, Solomon R, Biser S (2003) The effect of hinge position on corneal sensation and dry eye after LASIK. Ophthalmology 110:1023–1029, discussion 1029-1030
Ghoreishi M, Aidenloo NS, Peyman A, Peyman M, Haghdoustoskoey M (2005) Does hinge position affect dry eye after laser in situ keratomileusis? Ophthalmologica 219:276–280
Mian SI, Shtein RM, Nelson A, Musch DC (2007) Effect of hinge position on corneal sensation and dry eye after laser in situ keratomileusis using a femtosecond laser. J Cataract Refract Surg 33:1190–1194
Pogue J, Yusuf S (1998) Overcoming the limitations of current meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Lancet 351:47–52
Moher D, Cook DJ, Eastwood S, Olkin I, Rennie D, Stroup DF (1999) Improving the quality of reports of meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials: the QUOROM statement. Quality of Reporting of Meta-analyses. Lancet 354:1896–1900
Verhagen AP, de Vet HC, de Bie RA, Kessels AG, Boers M, Bouter LM, Knipschild PG (1998) The Delphi list: a criteria list for quality assessment of randomized clinical trials for conducting systematic reviews developed by Delphi consensus. J Clin Epidemiol 51:1235–1241
Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, Altman DG (2003) Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ 327:557–560
Egger M, Davey Smith G, Schneider M, Minder C (1997) Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. BMJ 315:629–634
Kumano Y, Matsui H, Zushi I, Mawatari A, Matsui T, Nishida T, Miyazaki M (2003) Recovery of corneal sensation after myopic correction by laser in situ keratomileusis with a nasal or superior hinge. J Cataract Refract Surg 29:757–761
Holzer MP, Vargas LG, Sandoval HP, Vroman DT, Kasper TJ, Brown SJ, Apple DJ, Solomon KD (2003) Corneal flap complications in refractive surgery: Part 1: development of an experimental animal model. J Cataract Refract Surg 29:795–802
Assil KK, McCall T (2005) Temporal hinge laser in situ keratomileusis: maximizing treatable stromal bed area. J Cataract Refract Surg 31:1139–1144
Lee KW, Joo CK (2003) Clinical results of laser in situ keratomileusis with superior and nasal hinges. J Cataract Refract Surg 29:457–461
De Paiva CS, Chen Z, Koch DD, Hamill MB, Manuel FK, Hassan SS, Wilhelmus KR, Pflugfelder SC (2006) The incidence and risk factors for developing dry eye after myopic LASIK. Am J Ophthalmol 141:438–445
Mian SI, Li AY, Dutta S, Musch DC, Shtein RM (2009) Dry eyes and corneal sensation after laser in situ keratomileusis with femtosecond laser flap creation. Effect of hinge position, hinge angle, and flap thickness. J Cataract Refract Surg 35:2092–2098
Nassaralla BA, McLeod SD, Boteon JE, Nassaralla JJ Jr (2005) The effect of hinge position and depth plate on the rate of recovery of corneal sensation following LASIK. Am J Ophthalmol 139:118–124
Wilson SE (2001) Laser in situ keratomileusis-induced (presumed) neurotrophic epitheliopathy. Ophthalmology 108:1082–1087
Muller LJ, Marfurt CF, Kruse F, Tervo TM (2003) Corneal nerves: structure, contents and function. Exp Eye Res 76:521–542
Smith J, Nichols KK, Baldwin EK (2008) Current patterns in the use of diagnostic tests in dry eye evaluation. Cornea 27:656–662
Friedlaender MH (2006) LASIK surgery using the IntraLase femtosecond laser. Int Ophthalmol Clin 46:145–153
Binder PS (2004) Flap dimensions created with the IntraLase FS laser. J Cataract Refract Surg 30:26–32
Lim T, Yang S, Kim M, Tchah H (2006) Comparison of the IntraLase femtosecond laser and mechanical microkeratome for laser in situ keratomileusis. Am J Ophthalmol 141:833–839
Salomao MQ, Ambrosio R Jr, Wilson SE (2009) Dry eye associated with laser in situ keratomileusis: mechanical microkeratome versus femtosecond laser. J Cataract Refract Surg 35:1756–1760
Acknowledgments
This research was partly supported by the Financing Project of Science and Technology Innovation Plan for College Students of Zhejiang Province, China (2011R413047).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Proprietary interest
The authors have no proprietary or commercial interests in any material discussed in this article. The authors have full control of all primary data and agree to allow Graefes Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology to review data upon request.
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier
NCT01507025
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Feng, Yf., Yu, Jg., Wang, Dd. et al. The effect of hinge location on corneal sensation and dry eye after LASIK: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 251, 357–366 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-012-2078-5
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-012-2078-5