Abstract
Purpose
To determine the vitreous concentration of complement fragment C5a in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and the relation between C5a and inflammatory cytokines including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1).
Methods
Vitreous samples were obtained at the time of vitrectomy from 12 eyes of 11 PDR patients and from 11 eyes of 11 patients without diabetes with macular disease (controls). Vitreous and serum concentrations of human C5a, VEGF, and MCP-1 were quantified using FACS Caliber® flow cytometer.
Results
Vitreous concentration of C5a increased significantly in patients with PDR [median (range): 928.7 (46.6 to 3,319.4) pg/ml] compared with controls [58.7 (22.2 to 1,432.4) pg/ml; p < 0.01]. In PDR patients, vitreous concentration of C5a correlated significantly with those of VEGF (p < 0.05) and MCP-1 (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
Our results suggest that C5a may play an important role in the pathogenesis of PDR and work in concert with inflammatory cytokines such as VEGF and MCP-1 in pathological angiogenesis.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Accardo-Palumbo A, Triolo G, Colonna-Romano G, Potestio M, Carbone M, Ferrante A, Giardina E, Caimi G, Triolo G (2000) Glucose-induced loss of glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane regulators of complement activation (CD59, CD55) by in vitro cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Diabetologia 43:1039–1047
Zhang J, Gerhardinger C, Lorenzi M (2002) Early complement activation and decreased levels of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored complement inhibitors in human and experimental diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes 51:3499–3504
Dagher Z, Park YS, Asnaghi V, Hoehn T, Gerhardinger C, Lorenzi M (2004) Studies of rat and human retinas predict a role for the polyol pathway in human diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes 53:2404–2411
Köhl J (2001) Anaphylatoxins and infectious and non-infectious inflammatory diseases. Mol Immunol 38:175–187
Cortright DN, Meade R, Waters SM, Chenard BL, Krause JE (2009) C5a, but not C3a, increases VEGF secretion in ARPE-19 human retinal pigment epithelium cells. Curr Eye Res 34:57–61
Ambati J, Anand A, Fernandez S, Sakurai E, Lynn BC, Kuziel WA, Rollins BJ, Ambati BK (2003) An animal model of age-related macular degeneration in senescent Ccl-2- or Ccr-2-deficient mice. Nat Med 9:1390–1397
Fukuoka Y, Strainic M, Medof ME (2003) Differential cytokine expression of human retinal pigment epithelial cells in response to stimulation by C5a. Clin Exp Immunol 131:248–253
Wakabayashi Y, Usui Y, Okunuki Y, Takeuchi M, Kezuka T, Iwasaki T, Goto H (2008) Increased levels of monokine induced by interferon-gamma (Mig) in the vitreous of patients with diabetic retinopathy. Diabet Med 25:875–877
Wakabayashi Y, Usui Y, Okunuki Y, Kezuka T, Takeuchi M, Iwasaki T, Ohno A, Goto H (2011) Increases of vitreous monocyte chemotactic protein 1 and interleukin 8 levels in patients with concurrent hypertension and diabetic retinopathy. Retina 31:1951–1957
Competing interests
None to declare.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Muramatsu, D., Wakabayashi, Y., Usui, Y. et al. Correlation of complement fragment C5a with inflammatory cytokines in the vitreous of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 251, 15–17 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-012-2024-6
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-012-2024-6