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Forensic application and genetic diversity of 21 autosomal STR loci in five major population groups of Pakistan

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Abstract

Objectives

Investigation of genetic diversity of the 21 autosomal STR loci included in the GlobalFilerTM PCR Amplification Kit in 529 Pakistani individuals belonging to the Punjabi, Pashtun, Sindhi, Saraiki, and Baloch ethnic groups. Population genetic parameters and forensic informative metrics for each group were evaluated.

Results

SE33 showed the greatest power of discrimination in all populations studied. The combined match probability ranged from 8.06E−27 (Saraiki) to 1.05E−26 (Baloch), and the combined power of exclusion ranged from 0.99999999902 (Punjabi) to 0.99999999964 (Pashtun). D12S391 in the Baloch population and D2S441 in the Saraiki population showed deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

Conclusion

Significant genetic distances were observed between the Punjabi, Pashtun, and Baloch populations. This study supports the utilization of the GlobalFilerTM STR kit for forensic applications in Pakistan.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the Ellen and Aage Andersen’s Foundation for support. We also thank Nadia Jochumsen for laboratory assistance and Anders Buchard for technical expertise.

Funding

The study was supported by an overseas research grant to Muhammad Adnan Shan from the University of the Punjab, Pakistan (No. 2017D-1829-Est-I).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Section of Forensic Genetics, Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederik V’s Vej 11, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Muhammad Adnan Shan, Claus Børsting & Niels Morling

  2. Centre for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan

    Muhammad Adnan Shan

Authors
  1. Muhammad Adnan Shan
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  2. Claus Børsting
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  3. Niels Morling
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Muhammad Adnan Shan.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Informed consent

All biological samples were taken with informed consent.

Ethical approval

All samples were anonymized. The project was notified to the Ethics Committee for the Capital Region of Denmark (journal no. H-20024636). According to the Danish Act on Research Ethics Review of Health Research Projects, the work did not require approval by the Ethics Committee.

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Shan, M.A., Børsting, C. & Morling, N. Forensic application and genetic diversity of 21 autosomal STR loci in five major population groups of Pakistan. Int J Legal Med 135, 775–777 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-020-02393-y

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