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Improving body fluid identification in forensic trace evidence—construction of an immunochromatographic test array to rapidly detect up to five body fluids simultaneously

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Abstract

Body fluid identification is a substantial part of forensic trace analyses. The correct determination of the origin of a biological stain may give valuable information regarding the circumstances of a crime. A simple way to detect a body fluid in a stain is the use of immunochromatographic strip tests. They are easy to use, user-independent, quick, and cheap. Currently, however, it is only possible to analyze one body fluid at a time, requiring the analyst to make previous, possibly subjective, assumptions on the body fluid at hand. Also, identification of mixed body fluids requires the use of several tests, which results in additional sample and time consumption. To combine a simple approach with the possibility to simultaneously detect several body fluids, we constructed a combined immunochromatographic strip test array based on commercially available tests. The array rapidly detects up to five body fluids with a single analysis, and allowing for subsequent DNA extraction from the same material. With this test it was possible to identify the components of a mixture, the test was easily incorporated into standard laboratory work, and its sensitivity and specificity were shown to be comparable to those of conventional strip tests.

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Acknowledgements

We thank all donors for their participation in this project. We also thank Kristina Schulze Johann, Sabrina Banken, Marianne Schürenkamp, and Ulla Sibbing for supporting this project.

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Correspondence to Hannah Holtkötter.

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Body fluid samples were collected with informed consent using procedures approved by the local ethical committee (Ethik-Kommission der Ärztekammer Westfalen-Lippe und der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster).

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Holtkötter, H., Schwender, K., Wiegand, P. et al. Improving body fluid identification in forensic trace evidence—construction of an immunochromatographic test array to rapidly detect up to five body fluids simultaneously. Int J Legal Med 132, 83–90 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-017-1724-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-017-1724-1

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