Abstract
The 17 Y chromosomal short tandem repeat loci included in the AmpFlSTR® Yfiler™ PCR Amplification Kit were used to analyse the genetic diversity of 517 unrelated males representing the non-tribal and Irula tribal population of Tamil Nadu. A total of 392 unique haplotypes were identified among the 400 non-tribal samples whereas 111 were observed among the 117 Irula tribal samples. Rare alleles for the loci DYS458, DYS635 and YGATAH4.1 were also observed in both population. The haplotype diversity for the non-tribal and Irula tribal population were found to be 0.9999, and the gene diversity ranged from 0.2041 (DYS391) to 0.9612 (DYS385). Comparison of the test population with 26 national and global population using principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and determination of the genetic distance matrix using phylogenetic molecular analysis indicate a clustering of the Tamil Nadu non-tribal and Irula tribal population away from other unrelated population and proximity towards some Indo-European (IE) and Asian population. Data are available in the Y chromosome haplotype reference database (YHRD) under accession number YA004055 for Tamil non-tribal and YA004056 for the Irula tribal group.
References
Singh KS (2002) People of India, Introduction (Revised Edition), Anthropological Survey of India, Oxford University Press
Cavalli-Sforza LL, Menozzi P, Piazza A (1994) The history and geography of human genes. University Princeton, Princeton
Jobling MA, Pandya A, Tyler-Smith C (1997) The Y chromosome in forensic analysis and paternity testing. Int J Leg Med 110:118–124
Corach D, Figueira RL, Marino M, Penacino G, Sala A (2001) Routine Y-STR typing in forensic case-work. Forensic Sci Int 118:131–135
Jobling MA, Tyler-Smith C (2003) The human Y chromosome: an evolutionary marker comes of age. Nat Rev Genet 4:598–612
Excoffier LG, Laval G, Schneider S (2005) Arlequin ver. 3.0: an integrated software package for population genetics data analysis. Evol Bioinformatics Online 1:47–50
Nei M (1987) Molecular evolutionary genetics. Columbia University Press, New York, pp 176–179
Willuweit S, Roewer L (2007) International forensic Y chromosome user group. Y Chromosome Haplotype Reference Database (YHRD): update. Forensic Sci Int Genet 1:83–87
Roewer L, Kayser M, Dieltjes P, Nagy M, Bakker E, Krawczak M, De Knijff P (1996) Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) of Y-chromosome-specific microsatellites in two closely related human populations. Hum Mol Genet 5(7):1029–1033
Takezaki N, Nei M, Tamura K (2010) POPTREE2: software for constructing population trees from allele frequency data and computing other population statistics with windows-interface. Mol Biol Evol 27(4):747–752
Peakall R, Smouse PE (2006) GENALEX 6.5: genetic analysis in excel population genetic software for teaching and research. Mol Ecol Notes 6:288–295
Hou YP, Zhang J, Li YB, Wu J, Zhang SJ, Prinz M (2001) Allele sequences of six new Y-STR loci and haplotypes in the Chinese Han population. Forensic Sci Int 118:147–152
Parson W, Roewer L (2010) Publication of population data of linearly inherited DNA markers in the International Journal of Legal Medicine. Int J Legal Med 124:505–509
Poetsch M, Bajanowski T, Pfeiffer H (2012) The publication of population genetic data in the International Journal of Legal Medicine: guidelines. Int J Legal Med 126:489–490
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank all the blood donors who contributed to this study.
Funding
None.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
ESM 1
(PDF 413 kb)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Raghunath, R., Krishnamoorthy, K., Balasubramanian, L. et al. Genetic portrait of Tamil non-tribal and Irula tribal population using Y chromosome STR markers. Int J Legal Med 130, 367–369 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-015-1207-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-015-1207-1