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Three-dimensional analyses of aging-induced alterations in facial shape: a longitudinal study of 171 Japanese males

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Abstract

We sought to generate data to facilitate forensic facial comparisons. Specifically, we conducted a longitudinal study of alterations in face shape induced by aging. We obtained two three-dimensional facial shape measurements in 171 Japanese males at intervals of approximately 10 years. With this data, we created a homologous model consisting of 10,741 data points for each face based on 33 anatomical landmarks. We averaged the movements of corresponding data points between the two homologous models for each individual and used this data to predict up to 30 years of face aging in an average Japanese male. We clearly identified aging-induced shape changes, such as drooping and denting of the facial folds, drooping of the upper lip, and projection of the lower eyelid, in the virtually aged model. A quantitative comparison of aging-induced shape alterations among three age groups (individuals in their 20’s, 30’s, and 40–50’s) showed that these alterations accelerated more quickly as age increased. Using our predictive model, we conducted a preliminary study focused on facial shape alterations induced by reductions in body weight. Our findings indicated that our proposed method would also be valid for this purpose.

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Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge the staff at the prefectural forensic laboratories for their continuous cooperation during the data collection. And, we also acknowledge two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments.

This study was supported by the research fund of the National Research Institute of Police Science.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Second Forensic Biology Section, National Research Institute of Police Science, 6-3-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-0882, Japan

    Kazuhiko Imaizumi, Kei Taniguchi & Yoshinori Ogawa

  2. Mizuho Information & Research Institute, Inc., Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8443, Japan

    Kazutoshi Matsuzaki & Takeshi Nagata

  3. School of Integrative and Global Majors, Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan

    Takeshi Nagata

  4. Digital Human Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-0064, Japan

    Masaaki Mochimaru & Makiko Kouchi

Authors
  1. Kazuhiko Imaizumi
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  2. Kei Taniguchi
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  3. Yoshinori Ogawa
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  4. Kazutoshi Matsuzaki
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  5. Takeshi Nagata
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  6. Masaaki Mochimaru
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  7. Makiko Kouchi
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Correspondence to Kazuhiko Imaizumi.

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Imaizumi, K., Taniguchi, K., Ogawa, Y. et al. Three-dimensional analyses of aging-induced alterations in facial shape: a longitudinal study of 171 Japanese males. Int J Legal Med 129, 385–393 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-014-1114-x

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