Abstract
The aim of this study was to demonstrate the presence of the A189G age-related point mutation on DNA extracted from bone. For this, a peptide nucleic acid (PNA)/DNA sequencing method which can determine an age threshold for the appearance of the mutation was used. Initially, work was done in muscle tissue in order to evaluate the sensitivity of the technique and afterwards in bone samples from the same individuals. This method was also applied to ancient bones from six well-preserved skeletal remains. The mutation was invariably found in muscle, and at a rate of up to 20% in individuals over 60 years old. In modern bones, the mutation was detected in individuals aged 38 years old or more, at a rate of up to 1%, but its occurrence was not systematic (only four out of ten of the individuals over 50 years old carried the heteroplasmy). For ancient bones, the mutation was also found in the oldest individuals according to osteologic markers. The study of this type of age-related mutation and a more complete understanding of its manifestation has potentially useful applications. Combined with traditional age markers, it could improve identification accuracy in forensic cases or in anthropological studies of ancient populations.
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Acknowledgements
We are grateful to Doctor David Gainza from the CHU Toulouse Rangueil Forensic Laboratory, (France) for sampling the muscle and bone of modern tissues. Thanks are also due to Professor Eric Crubézy and his staff of the MAFSO (French Archaeological Mission in Oriental Siberia) for collecting the ancient samples. We also thank Dr. Fabrice Dedouit for his valuable comments on the study and Victoria McBride and François-Xavier Ricault for the help in English writing.
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Lacan, M., Thèves, C., Amory, S. et al. Detection of the A189G mtDNA heteroplasmic mutation in relation to age in modern and ancient bones. Int J Legal Med 123, 161–167 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-008-0266-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-008-0266-y