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Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation in regulation of chromatin structure and the DNA damage response

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Abstract

Poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) is a post-translational modification of proteins and is synthesised by PAR polymerases (PARPs), which have long been associated with the coordination of the cellular response to DNA damage, amongst other processes. Binding of some PARPs such as PARP1 to broken DNA induces a substantial wave of PARylation, which results in significant re-structuring of the chromatin microenvironment through modification of chromatin-associated proteins and recruitment of chromatin-modifying proteins. Similarly, other DNA damage response proteins are recruited to the damaged sites via PAR-specific binding modules, and in this way, PAR mediates not only local chromatin architecture but also DNA repair. Here, we discuss the expanding role of PAR in the DNA damage response, with particular focus on chromatin regulation.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to G. Timinszky and A. Jefferson for their helpful comments. This work was funded by Cancer Research UK and European Research Council (grant no. 281739).

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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  1. Cancer Research UK, Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK

    Michael Tallis, Rosa Morra, Eva Barkauskaite & Ivan Ahel

  2. Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RE, UK

    Ivan Ahel

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  1. Michael Tallis
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Tallis, M., Morra, R., Barkauskaite, E. et al. Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation in regulation of chromatin structure and the DNA damage response. Chromosoma 123, 79–90 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00412-013-0442-9

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