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Estimation of linear and mass attenuation coefficients of soy–lignin bonded Rhizophora spp. particleboard as a potential phantom material using caesium-137 and cobalt-60

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Abstract

In this study, linear and mass attenuation coefficients of fabricated particleboards intended for use as phantom material were estimated using 137Cs and 60Co radiation sources. Particleboards made of Rhizophora spp. wood trunk bonded with soy flour and lignin were fabricated at a target density of 1.0 g cm−3, with and without gloss finish coating. Elemental composition of the particleboards was obtained by means of energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. Experimental setups were simulated via the GATE Monte Carlo (MC) package, with particle histories of 1 × 106–1 × 107. Linear and mass attenuation coefficients obtained from measurements and GATE simulations were compared and discussed. The percentage differences between the measured and simulated linear and mass attenuation coefficients of the samples were reasonably small (2.05–4.88% for 137Cs and 3.24–5.38% for 60Co). It is shown that all the particleboards have the potential to be used as phantom materials as the attenuation coefficients measured were in good agreement with those of water (calculated with XCOM) and with those simulated with the GATE toolkit. The use of gloss finish coating also did not show any significant effect on the attenuation coefficient of the phantom material. Verification of experimental results via GATE simulations has been shown crucial in providing reliable data for energy transmission studies. Based on the results achieved in this study, it is concluded that the studied material—Rhizophora spp. wood trunk bonded with soy flour and lignin including gloss finish coating—can be used in radiation dosimetry studies.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the School of Physics, School of Industrial Technology and Advanced Medical and the Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia Malaysia for allowing this research to be conducted. The authors also acknowledge the Universiti Sains Malaysia Short-Term Grant (304/PFIZIK/6315322), the School of Industrial Technology Grant (1001/PTEKIND/8014083), and the Universiti Sains Malaysia Bridging Grant (304.PPSK.6316324). The first author of this paper was financially sponsored by UTM Academic Fellow Scheme (SLAM) (2019–2021), and this author would like to thank UTMLead and Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, for making this study possible. Assistance in raw materials supplied by Kuala Sepetang, Perak, and support by the Malaysian Nuclear Agency is also acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, USM, Penang, Malaysia

    Siti Hajar Zuber, Muhammad Fahmi Rizal Abdul Hadi & Nurul Ab. Aziz Hashikin

  2. School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia

    Mohd Fahmi Mohd Yusof

  3. Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200, Bertam, Penang, Malaysia

    Mohd Zahri Abdul Aziz

  4. School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, USM, Penang, Malaysia

    Rokiah Hashim

  5. Department of Physics, University of Abuja, Abuja, 900211, Nigeria

    Samson Damilola Oluwafemi

  6. Medical Physics and Secondary Dosimetry Laboratory, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, 43000, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

    Norriza Mohd Isa

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  1. Siti Hajar Zuber
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  2. Muhammad Fahmi Rizal Abdul Hadi
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  4. Mohd Fahmi Mohd Yusof
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  5. Mohd Zahri Abdul Aziz
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Correspondence to Nurul Ab. Aziz Hashikin.

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Zuber, S.H., Abdul Hadi, M.F.R., Hashikin, N.A.A. et al. Estimation of linear and mass attenuation coefficients of soy–lignin bonded Rhizophora spp. particleboard as a potential phantom material using caesium-137 and cobalt-60. Radiat Environ Biophys 61, 435–443 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00411-022-00978-2

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