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In search of lost time: Raman thermochronology of FC-1 zircon

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Abstract

Translating thermochronological ages to geological models requires knowledge of the thermal sensitivity of the applied thermochronometer, i.e. the closure temperature or the partial annealing/retention zone. Zircon Raman dating is a thermochronometer that uses radiation-damage measurements and matched analyses of actinide contents in zircon. Experimental work placed its closure temperature at 330–370 °C for the internal ν2(SiO4) and ν3(SiO4) Raman bands at 439 and 1008 cm−1, and 260–310 °C for the external rotation (ER) band at 356 cm−1. However, experimental annealing models also predict partial radiation-damage annealing over a broad temperature range (> 500 °C). We test these closure temperatures by dating zircon from the U–Pb reference material FC-1. We matched Raman-based radiation-damage measurements with U and Th concentrations measured with a secondary ion mass spectrometer. The zircon Raman ages for the ν2, ν3, and ER bands are 942 ± 23 Ma (2 s), 978 ± 38 Ma, and 1033 ± 32 Ma. This is lower than the expected range of 1040–1080 Ma, between the apatite U–Pb (~ 490 °C) and zircon (U-Th)/He (ZHe; ~ 200 °C) ages. We discuss long-term, low-temperature annealing of radiation damage during protracted cooling of the sample as a cause of age reduction. This explanation fits both, experimental annealing models and zircon Raman data from other geological settings. Long-term, low-temperature annealing complicates the interpretation of standalone zircon Raman data. However, exploiting this effect by combining zircon Raman and ZHe dating on the same sample provides thermal-history information beyond that revealed by either of them.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Masa Ogasawara (Tsukuba) and Hideki Iwano (Tokyo) for providing the FC-1 separate, Lutz Nasdala (Vienna) for providing the zircon reference materials M257, GZ7 and GZ8, and Albert Cheong (Cheongju) for providing the reference material LKZ-1. We also thank István Dunkl (Göttingen) for carrying out the LA-ICP-MS measurements on the LKZ-1 zircon. We thank Karl Lang and an anonymous reviewer for their helpful comments on the manuscript and Daniela Rubatto for the editorial handling. Birk Härtel acknowledges support by a scholarship from the German Academic Scholarship Foundation (Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes). This research was funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) RGPIN-2018-03932 (Eva Enkelmann) and the University of Calgary Eyes High Postdoctoral Fellowship to Birk Härtel.

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  1. Department of Earth, Energy, and Environment, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada

    Birk Härtel & Eva Enkelmann

  2. Institut für Geologie, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599, Freiberg, Germany

    Raymond Jonckheere & Lothar Ratschbacher

  3. Institut für Geowissenschaften, Universität Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany

    Thomas Ludwig

  4. Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Helmholtz-Institut Freiberg für Ressourcentechnologie, 09599, Freiberg, Germany

    Joachim Krause

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  1. Birk Härtel
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Contributions

BH, EE, RJ and LR contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation was performed by BH. Data were collected by BH, JK and TL, and analyzed by BH, RJ and EE. The first draft of the manuscript was written by BH and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Härtel, B., Enkelmann, E., Jonckheere, R. et al. In search of lost time: Raman thermochronology of FC-1 zircon. Contrib Mineral Petrol 179, 2 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-023-02083-z

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