Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Geochemistry of continental alkali basalts in the Sabzevar region, northern Iran: implications for the role of pyroxenite in magma genesis

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

    We’re sorry, something doesn't seem to be working properly.

    Please try refreshing the page. If that doesn't work, please contact support so we can address the problem.

Abstract

A geochemical study was undertaken on basaltic lava flows intercalated with Oligocene to Miocene strata in the Sabzevar region, northern Iran, to examine their petrogenesis in a regional tectonic framework. The lavas are either aphyric or have phenocrysts and micro-phenocrysts of olivine and, to a lesser extent, clinopyroxene. Geochemically, the lavas are silica-undersaturated alkali basalts characterized by relatively high Mg# (~ 57–66) and Na2O/K2O (~ 2.0–6.7). They have distinctive trace element patterns characterized by strong rare-earth element fractionation, negative Nb–Ta and Zr-Hf anomalies and a positive Sr anomaly. Significant contamination by crustal materials either in the magma source or during ascent is ruled out on the basis of trace element compositions and Sr–Nd isotopic compositions (87Sr/86Sr = 0.7037–0.7048 and 143Nd/144Nd = 0.5128–0.5130), both of which differ markedly from continental crustal rocks. Phenocryst assemblage, analysis of multiple saturation points in lherzolite systems, and covariations of La/Yb with MgO of the studied lavas are generally consistent with an origin involving high-pressure fractionation of peridotite-derived melts. Primary magma compositions calculated by reversed fractionation of clinopyroxene and olivine for the relatively primitive samples (> 9 wt.% MgO), however, do not plot on the lherzolite multiple saturation points. Also, high-pressure fractionation predicts increasing trends of silica undersaturation and alkalinitiy with differentiation, and such trends are not indicated by the geochemical data. We suggest that the mixed trends shown by the data might be related to melt generation from both peridotite and silica-deficient pyroxenite sources, superimposed by variable degrees of high-pressure fractionation. The role of pyroxenite in magma genesis is indicated not only by the positive Sr anomaly shown by the trace element patterns, but also first-row transition element systematics of the studied lavas. The silica-deficient pyroxenites contributing to melt generation might have been transformed from mafic–ultramafic cumulates in subducted, lower oceanic crust, or might have formed in the lower crust or mantle lithosphere under continents during earlier magmatic episodes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

taken from Sun and McDonough (1989)

Fig. 7

taken from Wilson (1989). Fields of enriched mantle I and II (EM1 and EM2) are after Zindler and Hart (1986)

Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13

source that undergoes partial melting as predicted by FRTE in melting experiments (Le Roux et al. 2011)

Fig. 14

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Agard P, Omrani J, Jolivet L, Whitechurch H, Vrielynck B, Spakman W, Monié P, Meyer B, Wortel R (2011) Zagros orogeny: a subduction-dominated process. Geol Mag 148:692–725

    Google Scholar 

  • Aghazadeh M, Castro A, Badrzadeh Z, Vogt K (2011) Post-collisional polycyclic plutonism from the Zagros hinterland: the Shaivar Dagh plutonic complex, Alborz belt. Iran Geol Mag 148:980–1008

    Google Scholar 

  • Alavi M, Vaziri H, Seyed-Emami K, Lasemi Y (1997) The Triassic and associated rocks of the Nakhlak and Aghdarband areas in central and northeastern Iran as remnants of the southern Turanian active continental margin. Geol Soc Am Bull 109:1563–1575

    Google Scholar 

  • Allen MB, Armstrong HA (2008) Arabia-Eurasia collision and the forcing of mid-Cenozoic global cooling. Paleogeogr Paleoclimatol Paleoecol 265:52–58

    Google Scholar 

  • Allen MB, Kheirkhah M, Neill I, Emami MH, McLeod CL (2013) Generation of arc and within-plate chemical signatures in collision zone magmatism: Quaternary lavas from Kurdistan Province. Iran J Petrol 54:887–911

    Google Scholar 

  • Behroudi A, Omrani J (1999) Geological map of Bashtin (1:100,000). National Geological Organization, Iran

    Google Scholar 

  • Berberian M, King GCP (1981) Towards a paleogeography and tectonic evolution of Iran. Can J Earth Sci 18:210–265

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodinier J-L, Godard M (2014) Orogenic, ophiolitic, and abyssal peridotites. In: Holland HD, Turekian KK (eds), Treatise on geochemistry, vol 3. Elsevier, pp 103–167

  • Chiu H-Y, Chung S-L, Zarrinkoub MH, Mohammadi SS, Khatib MM, Iizuka Y (2013) Zircon U-Pb age constraints from Iran on the magmatic evolution related to Neotethyan subduction and Zagros orogeny. Lithos 162–163:70–87

    Google Scholar 

  • Chiu H-Y, Chung S-L, Zarrinkoub MH, Melkonyan R, Pang K-N, Lee H-Y, Wang K-L, Mohammadi SS, Khatib MM (2017) Zircon Hf isotopic constraints on magmatic and tectonic evolution in Iran: Implications for crustal growth in the Tethyan orogenic belt. J Asian Earth Sci 145:652–669

    Google Scholar 

  • Dewey JF, Pitman WC III, Ryan WBF, Bonnin J (1973) Plate tectonics and the evolution of the Alpine system. Geol Soc Am Bull 84:3137–3180

    Google Scholar 

  • Ducea MN (2002) Constraints on the bulk composition and root foundering rates of continental arcs: a California arc perspective. J Geophys Res-Solid Earth. https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JB000643

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ducea MN, Saleeby JB (1998) The age and origin of a thick mafic-ultramafic keel from beneath the Sierra Nevada batholith. Contrib Mineral Petrol 133:169–185

    Google Scholar 

  • Ducea MN, Seclaman AC, Murray KE, Jianu D, Schoenbohm LM (2013) Mantle-drip magmatism beneath the Altiplano-Puna plateau, central Andes. Geology 41:915–918

    Google Scholar 

  • Elkins-Tanton LT (2007) Continental magmatism, volatile recycling, and a heterogeneous mantle caused by lithospheric gravitational instabilities. J Geophys Res-Solid Earth. https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JB004072

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Farmer GL (2014) Continental basaltic rocks. In: Holland HD, Turekian KK (eds) Treatise on geochemistry, vol 4. Elsevier, pp 75–110

  • Furlong KP, Chapman DS (2013) Heat flow, heat generation, and the thermal state of the lithosphere. Annu Rev Earth Planet Sci 41:385–410

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghasemi H, Rezaei Kahkhaei M (2015) Petrochemistry and tectonic setting of the Davarzan-Abbasabad Eocene Volcanic (DAEV) rocks, NE Iran. Mineral Petrol 109:235–252

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghasemi H, Barahmand M, Sadeghian M (2011) Oligocene basaltic lavas in east and southeast Shahrood: implication to back-arc setting basins of Central Iran in Oligo-Miocene. Sci Q J Univ Isfahan Iran 2:45–64 (in Persian with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghasemi H, Rostami-Hosouri M, Sadeghian M, Kadkhodaye-Arab F (2016) Back-arc extensional magmatism in the Oligo-Miocene basin of the northern edge of central Iran. Sci Q J Geol Surv Iran 25:239–252 (in Persian with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghasemi H, Rostami-Hosouri M, Sadeghian M (2018) Basic Magmatism in the extensional back-arc basin of the Lower-Middle Jurassic on the northern edge of central Iran—south of eastern Alborz Zones, Shahrood-Damghan. Sci Q J Geol Surv Iran 27:123–136 (in Persian with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Gleeson MLM, Gibson SA (2019) Crustal controls on apparent mantle pyroxenite signals in ocean-island basalts. Geology 47:321–324

    Google Scholar 

  • Grove TL, Holbig ES, Barr JA, Till CB, Krawczynski MJ (2013) Melts of garnet lherzolite: experiments, models and comparison to melts of pyroxenite and carbonated lherzolite. Contrib Mineral Petrol 166:887–910

    Google Scholar 

  • Gurenko AA, Hansteen TH, Schmincke H-U (1996) Evolution of parental magmas of Miocene shield basalts of Gran Canaria (Canary Islands): constraints from crystal, melt and fluid inclusions in minerals. Contrib Mineral Petrol 124:422–435

    Google Scholar 

  • Hirose K, Kawamoto T (1995) Hydrous partial melting of lherzolite at 1 GPa: the effect of H2O on the genesis of basaltic magmas. Earth Planet Sci Lett 133:463–473

    Google Scholar 

  • Hirschmann MM, Stolper EM (1996) A possible role for garnet pyroxenite in the origin of the “garnet signature” in MORB. Contribut Mineral Petrol 124:185–208

    Google Scholar 

  • Hirschmann MM, Kogiso T, Baker MB, Stolper EM (2003) Alkalic magmas generated by partial melting of garnet pyroxenite. Geology 31:481–484

    Google Scholar 

  • Holbig ES, Grove TL (2008) Mantle melting beneath the Tibetan Plateau: experimental constraints on ultrapotassic magmatism. J Geophys Res 113:B04210

    Google Scholar 

  • Hole MJ (2018) Mineralogical and geochemical evidence for polybaric fractional crystallization of continental flood basalts and implications for identification of peridotite and pyroxenite source lithologies. Earth-Sci Rev 176:51–67

    Google Scholar 

  • Hosseini SH, Sadeghian M, Zhai M, Ghasemi H (2015) Petrology, geochemistry and zircon U-Pb dating of Band-e-Hezarchahmetabasites (NE Iran): an evidence for back-arc magmatism along the northern active margin of Gondwana. Chem Erde-Geochem 75:207–218

    Google Scholar 

  • Irvine TN, Baragar WRA (1971) A guide to the chemical classification of the common volcanic rocks. Can J Earth Sci 8:448–523

    Google Scholar 

  • Jafari MK, Babaie HA, Gani M (2013) Geochemical evidence for Late Cretaceous marginal arc-to-backarc transition in the Sabzevar ophiolitic extrusive sequence, northeast Iran. J Asian Earth Sci 70:209–230

    Google Scholar 

  • Jamshidi K, Ghasemi H, Troll VR, Sadeghian M, Dahren B (2015) Magma storage and plumbing of adakite-type post-ophiolite intrusions in the Sabzevar ophiolitic zone, NE Iran. Solid Earth 6:49–72

    Google Scholar 

  • Jamshidi K, Ghasemi H, Miao L, Sadeghian M (2018) Adakite magmatism within the Sabzevar ophiolite zone, NE Iran: U-Pb geochronology and Sr-Nd isotopic evidences. Geopersia 8:111–130

    Google Scholar 

  • Jiménez-Munt I, Fernàndez M, Saura E, Vergés J, Garcia-Castellanos D (2012) 3-D lithospheric structure and regional/residual Bouguer anomalies in the Arabia-Eurasia collision (Iran). Geophys J Int 190(3):1311–1324

    Google Scholar 

  • Jull M, Kelemen P (2001) On the conditions for lower crustal convective instability. J Geophys Res-Solid Earth 106:6423–6446

    Google Scholar 

  • Jung C, Jung S, Hoffer E, Berndt J (2006) Petrogenesis of Tertiary mafic alkaline magmas in the Hocheifel, Germany. J Petrol 47:1637–1671

    Google Scholar 

  • Kadkhodai Arab F (2016) Stratigraphical position and petrogenesis of the Neogene Basalts in West of Ahmad Abad Khartooran (SE Shahrood). Unpublished M.Sc. thesis. Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran, pp 132 (in Persian)

  • Kaislaniemi L, van Hunen J, Allen MB, Neill I (2014) Sublithospheric small-scale convection—a mechanism for collision zone magmatism. Geology 42:291–294

    Google Scholar 

  • Keshav S, Gudfinnsson GH, Sen G, Fei Y (2004) High-pressure melting experiments on garnet clinopyroxenite and the alkalic to tholeiitic transition in ocean-island basalts. Earth Plant Sci Lett 223 (3–4):365–379

    Google Scholar 

  • Katz RF, Spiegelman M, Langmuir CH (2003) A new parameterization of hydrous mantle melting. Geochem Geophys Geosy. https://doi.org/10.1029/2002GC000433

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kelemen P, Hanghøj K, Greene A (2014) One view of the geochemistry of subduction-related magmatic arcs, with an emphasis on primitive andesite and lower crust. In: Holland HD, Turekian KK (eds) Treatise on Geochemistry, vol 4. Elsevier, pp 749–806

  • Kheirkhah M, Neill I, Allen MB (2015) Petrogenesis of OIB-like basaltic volcanic rocks in a continental collision zone: late cenozoic magmatism of Eastern Iran. J Asian Earth Sci 106:19–33

    Google Scholar 

  • Kogiso T, Hirschmann MM (2006) Partial melting experiments of bimineralic eclogite and the role of recycled mafic oceanic crust in the genesis of ocean island basalts. Earth Planet Sci Lett 249:188–199

    Google Scholar 

  • Kogiso T, Hirschmann MM, Frost DJ (2003) High-pressure partial melting of garnet pyroxenite: possible mafic lithologies in the source of ocean island basalts. Earth Planet Sci Lett 216:603–617

    Google Scholar 

  • Kogiso T, Hirschmann MM, Pertermann M (2004) High-pressure partial melting of mafic lithologies in the mantle. J Petrol 45:2407–2422

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuritani T, Kimura J-I, Miyamoto T, Wei H, Shimano T, Maeno F, Jin X, Taniguchi H (2009) Intraplate magmatism related to deceleration of upwelling asthenospheric mantle: implications from the Changbaishan shield basalts, northeast China. Lithos 112:247–258

    Google Scholar 

  • Lambart S, Laporte D, Schiano P (2009) An experimental study of pyroxenite partial melts at 1 and 1.5 GPa: implications for the major-element composition of Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalts. Earth Planet Sci Lett 288:335–347

    Google Scholar 

  • Lambart S, Laporte D, Schiano P (2013) Markers of the pyroxenite contribution in the major-element compositions of oceanic basalts: review of the experimental constraints. Lithos 160–161:14–36

    Google Scholar 

  • Lambart S, Baker MB, Stolper EM (2016) The role of pyroxenite in basalt genesis: melt-PX, a melting parameterization for mantle pyroxenites between 0.9 and 5 GPa. J Geophys Res 121:5708–5735

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee CA, Cheng X, Horodyskyj U (2006) The development and refinement of continental arcs by primary basaltic magmatism, garnet pyroxenite accumulation, basaltic recharge and delamination: insights from the Sierra Nevada, California. Contrib Miner Petrol 151(2):222–242

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee C-TA, Luffi P, Plank T, Dalton H, Leeman WP (2009) Constraints on the depths and temperatures of basaltic magma generation on Earth and other terrestrial planets using new thermobarometers for mafic magmas. Earth Planet Sci Lett 279:20–33

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee C-TA, Luffi P, Le Roux V, Dasgupta R, Albaréde F, Leeman WP (2010) The redox state of arc mantle using Zn/Fe systematics. Nature 468:681–685

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee H-Y, Chung S-L, Ji J, Qian Q, Gallet S, Lo C-H, Lee T-Y, Zhang Q (2012) Geochemical and Sr-Nd isotopic constraints on the genesis of the Cenozoic Linzizong volcanic successions, southern Tibet. J Asian Earth Sci 53:96–114

    Google Scholar 

  • Le Roux V, Lee C-TA, Turner SJ (2010) Zn/Fe systematics in mafic and ultramafic systems: implications for detecting major element heterogeneities in the Earth’s mantle. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 74:2779–2796

    Google Scholar 

  • Le Roux V, Dasgupta R, Lee C-TA (2011) Mineralogical heterogeneities in the Earth’s mantle: constraints from Mn Co, Ni and Zn partitioning during partial melting. Earth Planet Sci Lett 307:395–408

    Google Scholar 

  • Lin I-J, Chung S-L, Chu C-H, Lee H-Y, Gallet S, Wu G, Ji J, Zhang Y (2012) Geochemical and Sr-Nd isotopic characteristics of Cretaceous to Paleocene granitoids and volcanic rocks, SE Tibet: petrogenesis and tectonic implications. J Asian Earth Sci 53:131–150

    Google Scholar 

  • Ma GS-K, Malpas J, Xenophontos C, Chan GH-N (2011) Petrogenesis of latest Miocene-Quaternary continental intraplate volcanism along the northern Dead Sea Fault System (Al Ghab-Homs volcanic field), western Syria: evidence for lithosphere-asthenosphere interaction. J Petrol 52:401–430

    Google Scholar 

  • McQuarrie N, van Hinsbergen DJJ (2013) Retrodeforming the Arabia-Eurasia collision zone: age of collision versus magnitude of continental subduction. Geology 41:315–318

    Google Scholar 

  • Montanini A, Tribuzio R, Anczkiewicz R (2006) Exhumation history of a garnet pyroxenite-bearing mantle section from a continent-ocean transition (Northern Apennine Ophiolites, Italy). J Petrol 47:1943–1971

    Google Scholar 

  • Pang K-N, Chung S-L, Zarrinkoub MH, Mohammadi SS, Yang H-M, Chu C-H, Lee H-Y, Lo C-H (2012) Age, geochemical characteristics and petrogenesis of Late Cenozoic intraplate alkali basalts in the Lut-Sistan region, eastern Iran. Chem Geol 306–307:40–53

    Google Scholar 

  • Pang K-N, Chung S-L, Zarrinkoub MH, Khatib MM, Mohammadi SS, Chiu H-Y, Chu C-H, Lee H-Y, Lo C-H (2013) Eocene-Oligocene post-collisional magmatism in the Lut-Sistan region, eastern Iran: magma genesis and tectonic implications. Lithos 180–181:234–251

    Google Scholar 

  • Pang K-N, Chung S-L, Zarrinkoub MH, Wang F, Kamenetsky VS, Lee H-Y (2015) Quaternary high-Mg ultrapotassic rocks from the Qal'eh Hasan Ali maars, southeastern Iran: petrogenesis and geodynamic implications. Contrib Mineral Petrol 170:27

    Google Scholar 

  • Priestley K, McKenzie D, Barron J, Tatar M, Debayle E (2012) The Zagros core: Deformation of the continental lithospheric mantle. Geochem Geophys Geosyst. https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GC004435

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pearson DG, Canil D, Shirey SB (2014) Mantle samples included in volcanic rocks: xenoliths and diamonds. In: Holland HD, Turekian KK (eds) Treatise on geochemistry, vol 3. Elsevier, pp 169–253

  • Pertermann M, Hirschmann MM (2003) Anhydrous partial melting experiments on MORB-like eclogite: phase relations, phase compositions and mineral-melt partitioning of major elements at 2–3 GPa. J Petrol 44:2173–2201

    Google Scholar 

  • Pilet S, Baker MB, Stolper EM (2008) Metasomatized lithosphere and the origin of alkaline lavas. Science 320:916–919

    Google Scholar 

  • Rajabi S, Torabi G, Arai S (2014) Oligocene crustal xenolith-bearing alkaline basalt from Jandaq area (Central Iran): implications for magma genesis and crustal nature. Isl Arc 23:125–141

    Google Scholar 

  • Rhodes JM, Dungan MA, Blanchard DP, Long PE (1979) Magma mixing at mid-ocean ridges: evidence form basalts drilled near 22° N on the mid-Atlantic ridge. Tectonophysics 55:35–61

    Google Scholar 

  • Roeder PL, Emslie RF (1970) Olivine-liquid equilibrium. Contrib Mineral Petrol 29:275–289

    Google Scholar 

  • Rossetti F, Nasrabady M, Theye T, Gerdes A, Monié P, Lucci F, Vignaroli G (2014) Adakite differentiation and emplacement in a subduction channel: the late Paleocene Sabzevar magmatism (NE Iran). Geol Soc Am Bull 126:317–343

    Google Scholar 

  • Rudnick RL, Gao S (2014) Composition of the continental crust. In: Holland HD, Turekian KK (eds) Treatise on geochemistry, vol 4. Elsevier, pp 1–51

  • Rudnick RL, Barth M, Horn I, McDonough WF (2000) Rutile-bearing refractory eclogites: missing link between continents and depleted mantle. Science 287:278–281

    Google Scholar 

  • Saadat S, Stern CR (2012) Petrochemistry of a xenolith-bearing Neogene alkali olivine basalt from northeastern Iran. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 225:13–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Şengör AMC, Altlner D, Cin A, Ustaomer T, Hsu KJ (1988) Origin and assembly of the tethyside orogenic collage at the expense of Gondwana Land. In: Audley-Charles MG, Hallam AE (eds) Gondwana and Tethys. Geol Soc London Sp Pub. Blackwell, Oxford, pp 119–181

    Google Scholar 

  • Shafaii Moghadam H, Stern RJ (2014) Ophiolites of Iran: keys to understanding the tectonic evolution of SW Asia: (I) Paleozoic ophiolites. J Asian Earth Sci 91:19–38

    Google Scholar 

  • Shafaii Moghadam H, Stern RJ (2015) Ophiolites of Iran: keys to understanding the tectonic evolution of SW Asia: (II) Mesozoic ophiolites. J Asian Earth Sci 100:31–59

    Google Scholar 

  • Shafaii Moghadam H, Corfu F, Chiaradia M, Stern RJ, Ghorbani G (2014) Sabzevar ophiolite, NE Iran: progress from embryonic oceanic lithosphere into magmatic arc constrained by new isotopic and geochemical data. Lithos 210–211:224–241

    Google Scholar 

  • Shafaii Moghadam H, Rossetti F, Lucci F, Chiaradia M, Gerdes A, Lopez Martinez M, Ghorbani G, Nasrabady M (2016) The calc-alkaline and adakitic volcanism of the Sabzevar structural zone (NE Iran): implications for the Eocene magmatic flare-up in Central Iran. Lithos 248–251:517–535

    Google Scholar 

  • Shafaii Moghadam H, Li X-H, Santos J-F, Stern RJ, Griffin WL, Ghorbani G, Sarebani N (2017) Neoproterozoic magmatic flare-up along the N. margin of Gondwana: the Taknar complex, NE Iran. Earth Planet Sci Lett 474:83–96

    Google Scholar 

  • Shaw DM (2006) Trace elements in magma: a theoretical treatment. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • Shellnutt JG, Lee T-Y, Torng P-K, Yang C-C, Lee Y-H (2016) Late Cretaceous intraplate silicic volcanic rocks from the Lake Chad region: an extension of the Cameroon volcanic line? Geochem Geophys Geosy 17:2803–2824

    Google Scholar 

  • Sisson TW, Kelemen PB (2018) Near-solidus melts of MORB + 4 wt% H2O at 0.8–2.8 GPa applied to issues of subduction magmatism and continent formation. Contrib Mineral Petrol 173:70

    Google Scholar 

  • Sobolev AV, Hofmann AW, Kuzmin DV, Yaxley GM, Arndt NT, Chung S-L, Danyushevsky LV, Elliott T, Frey FA, Garcia MO, Gurenko AA, Kamenetsky VS, Kerr AC, Krivolutskaya NA, Matvienkov VV, Nikogosian IK, Rocholl A, Sigurdsson IA, Sushchevskaya NM, Teklay M (2007) The amount of recycled crust in sources of mantle-derived melts. Science 316:412–417

    Google Scholar 

  • Sun S-S, McDonough WF (1989) Chemical and isotopic systematics in ocean basalt: implication for mantle composition and processes. In: Saunders AD, Norry MJ (eds) Magmatism in the ocean basins. Geol Soc London Sp Pub, vol 42. Blackwell Scientific Publication, Oxford, pp 313–345

    Google Scholar 

  • Thompson RN, Ottley CJ, Smith PM, Pearson DG, Dickin AP, Morrison MA, Leat PT, Gibson SA (2005) Source of the Quaternary alkalic basalts, picrites and basanites of the Potrillo Volcanic Field, New Mexico, USA: lithosphere or convecting mantle? J Petrol 46:1603–1643

    Google Scholar 

  • Till CB (2017) A review and update of mantle thermobarometry for primitive arc magmas. Am Mineral 102:931–947

    Google Scholar 

  • Till CB, Grove TL, Krawczynski MJ (2012) A melting model for variably depleted and enriched lherzolite in the plagioclase and spinel stability fields. J Geophys Res-Soild Earth. https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JB009044

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tirrul R, Bell IR, Griffis RJ, Camp VE (1983) The Sistan suture zone of eastern Iran. Geol Soc Am Bull 94:134–150

    Google Scholar 

  • Tormey DR, Grove TL, Bryan WB (1987) Experimental petrology of normal MORB near the Kane Fracture Zone: 22°–25°N, mid-Atlantic ridge. Contrib Mineral Petrol 96:121–139

    Google Scholar 

  • Tsuruta K, Takahashi E (1998) Melting study of an alkali basalt JB-1 up to 12.5 GPa: behavior of potassium in the deep mantle. Phys Earth Planet Inter 107:119–130

    Google Scholar 

  • Verdel C, Wernicke BP, Hassanzadeh J, Guest B (2011) A paleogene extensional arc flare-up in Iran. Tectonics 30:TC3008

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson M (1989) Igneous petrogenesis. Springer, Dordrecht

    Google Scholar 

  • Xu Y-G, Ma J-L, Frey FA, Feigenson MD, Liu J-F (2005) Role of lithosphere-asthenosphere interaction in the genesis of Quaternary alkali and tholeiitic basalts from Datong, western North China Craton. Chem Geol 224:247–271

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang Y-H, Zhang H-F, Chu C-Y, Xie L-W, Wu F-Y (2010) Combined chemical separation of Lu, Hf, Rb, Sr, Sm and Nd from a single rock digest and precise and accurate isotope determinations of Lu-Hf, Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd isotope systems using Multi-Collector ICP-MS and TIMS. Int J Mass Spectrom 290:120–126

    Google Scholar 

  • Yousefi F, Sadeghian M, Wanhainen C, Ghasemi H, Frei D (2017) Geochemistry, petrogenesis and tectonic setting of middle Eocene hypabyssal rocks of the Torud-Ahmad Abad magmatic belt: an implication for evolution of the northern branch of Neo-Tethys Ocean in Iran. J Geochem Explor 178:1–15

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeng L, Liang F, Chen Z, Liu F, Xu Z (2009) Metamorphic garnet pyroxenite from the 540–600 m main borehole of the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling (CCSD) project. Tectonophysics 475:396–412

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeng G, Chen L-H, Xu X-S, Jiang S-Y, Hofmann AW (2010) Carbonated mantle sources for Cenozoic intra-plate alkaline basalts in Shandong, North China. Chem Geol 273:35–45

    Google Scholar 

  • Zindler A, Hart S (1986) Chemical geodynamics. Annu Rev Earth Planet Sci 14:493–571

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The first author expresses his gratitude to the Ministry of Science and Technology of Iran and the Vice-Chancellor for Research and Technology of the Shahrood University of Technology for support. This project was supported by funding from Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (105-2628-M-001-002-MY4 to KNP). Journal reviews by Tom Sisson and an anonymous reviewer, and editorial handling by executive editor T.L. Grove, are appreciated.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Earth Sciences, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran

    Mojtaba Rostami-Hossouri, Habibollah Ghasemi, Mehdi Rezaei-Kahkhaei & Mohsen Mobasheri

  2. Institute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan

    Kwan-Nang Pang, Yoshiyuki Iizuka & Hao-Yang Lee

  3. Department of Earth Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan

    J. Gregory Shellnutt

  4. Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

    Laicheng Miao

  5. Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan

    Te-Hsien Lin

Authors
  1. Mojtaba Rostami-Hossouri
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Habibollah Ghasemi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Kwan-Nang Pang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. J. Gregory Shellnutt
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Mehdi Rezaei-Kahkhaei
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Laicheng Miao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Mohsen Mobasheri
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Yoshiyuki Iizuka
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Hao-Yang Lee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Te-Hsien Lin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kwan-Nang Pang.

Additional information

Communicated by Timothy L. Grove.

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Electronic supplementary material

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Rostami-Hossouri, M., Ghasemi, H., Pang, KN. et al. Geochemistry of continental alkali basalts in the Sabzevar region, northern Iran: implications for the role of pyroxenite in magma genesis. Contrib Mineral Petrol 175, 50 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-020-01687-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-020-01687-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation