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Origin of Fe-rich lherzolites and wehrlites from Tok, SE Siberia by reactive melt percolation in refractory mantle peridotites

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Abstract

Lherzolite–wehrlite (LW) series xenoliths from the quaternary Tok volcanic field in the southeastern Siberian craton are distinguished from the more common lherzolite–harzburgite (LH) series by (a) low Mg numbers (0.84–0.89) at high modal olivine (66–84%) and (b) widespread replacement of orthopyroxene (0–12%) and spinel by clinopyroxene (7–22%). The LW series peridotites are typically enriched in Ca, Fe, Mn and Ti, and depleted in Si, Ni and Cr relative to refractory LH series rocks (Mg number ≥0.89), which are metasomatised partial melting residues. Numerical modelling of Fe–Mg solid/liquid exchange during melt percolation demonstrates that LW series rocks can form by reaction of host refractory peridotites with evolved (Mg numbers 0.6–0.7), silica-undersaturated silicate melts at high melt/rock ratios, which replace orthopyroxene with clinopyroxene and decrease Mg numbers. This process is most likely related to underplating and fractionation of basaltic magma in the shallow mantle, which also produced olivine–clinopyroxene cumulates found among the Tok xenoliths.

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Acknowledgements

DAI thanks V. Prikhodko for help with fieldwork and acknowledges financial, analytical and other contributions from S. Shirey, D. Weis, A. Hofmann, G. Brey, A. Sobolev, E. Takazawa, D. Kuzmin, C. Merlet, G. Chazot, M. Veschambre, S. Portales. Reviews by M. Seyler, M. Grégoire and G. Sühr and editorial comments of J. Hoefs helped to improve the paper and are highly appreciated. The fieldwork at Tok was organised by ITIG, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences. Some funding and assistance were provided by Australian Research Council, DTM-CIW (Washington, DC, USA), Université Blaise Pascal at Clermont-Ferrand (France) and Belgian FNRS.

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  1. Abteilung Geochemie, Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie, Postfach 3060, 55020, Mainz, Germany

    Dmitri A. Ionov

  2. Laboratoire de Tectonophysique, UMR 5568 CNRS, ISTEEM, Université Montpellier 2, case 049, 34095, Montpellier, Cedex 05, France

    Dmitri A. Ionov, Ingrid Chanefo & Jean-Louis Bodinier

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  1. Dmitri A. Ionov
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  2. Ingrid Chanefo
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Ionov, D.A., Chanefo, I. & Bodinier, JL. Origin of Fe-rich lherzolites and wehrlites from Tok, SE Siberia by reactive melt percolation in refractory mantle peridotites. Contrib Mineral Petrol 150, 335–353 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-005-0026-7

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