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SIMS analyses on trace and rare earth elements in coexisting clinopyroxene and mica from minette mafic enclaves in potassic syenites crystallized under high pressures

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Abstract

Trace and rare earth element contents were determined by SIMS technique in clinopyroxene and mica crystals from minette lamprophyric enclaves in a potassic syenite host. This co-mingled system was crystallized at high pressures, which varied about 3–5 GPa, as indicated by the presence of K-clinopyroxenes and pyrope-rich garnet with measurable amounts of K2O and Na2O, among the near-liquidus phases. Major and trace element composition of these lamprophyric enclaves is quite similar to those observed in silica-rich lamproites, suggesting that similar sources were involved in their origin. In a general view, the concentrations of most trace and rare earth elements in clinopyroxene of the studied enclaves are higher than those referred to by other authors. Clinopyroxene/melt partition coefficient for most trace elements are close to determinations in alkali-basalts and lamproites from Leucite Hills, with considerable differences relative to Gaussberg lamproites. Furthermore, these partition data are completely different from those determined for potassic lavas crystallized under crustal pressures. Spidergrams for clinopyroxenes exhibit negative-Sr anomalies relative to LREE, which have been associated by most authors to crystallization under low-pressures, out of garnet stability field. The presence of pyrope together with K-clinopyroxene excludes such hypotheses for the studied enclaves. Y and HREE are concentrated in clinopyroxene, whilst the other trace elements have Kd<1. LIL elements, except Rb, have incompatible (Kd<1) behavior in phlogopite. The high partition coefficient for Nb (Kd>3) determined in the studied phlogopite is unusual in lamproites, lamprophyres, and basalts, but frequently observed in phlogopite from metasomatic mantle samples, as well as in acid magmas. This partition value may indicate the lack of other mineral phase with high partition for this element during crystallization, and may be enhanced by the liquid composition progressively closer to alkali feldspar, an unsuitable structure for six-coordinated cations. Ce/Yb, Rb/Sr, and Zr/Hf ratios in clinopyroxene and mica suggest that the minettic magma could produce the host Piquiri potassic syenite by fractional crystallization. This hypothesis is not consistent with Ba concentrations in clinopyroxene and mica, which suggest that a Ba-bearing phase (e.g. alkali feldspar) should be among the fractionated phases in order to produce the potassic syenites.

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Acknowledgments

The authors recognize the financial support of Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa Científica (CNPq) (Proc. – 200767/00-3 and 471584/01-1), to FAPERGS and PRONEX. This is the scientific contribution number 170 from the Applied Petrological Group (GPA/UFBA).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Estudos em Petrologia e Geoquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Geociências, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, CP 15011, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil

    Jorge Plá Cid & Lauro Valentim Stoll Nardi

  2. Departamento de Geología, Geoquímica y Prospección Geológica, Facultad de Geología - Universidad de Barcelona, Av. Marti i Franques, s/n, 08028, Barcelona, España

    Jorge Plá Cid & Pere Enrique Gisbert

  3. ISTEEM, CC 049, CNRS, Université de Montpellier II, pl. E. Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier Cedex 5, France

    Claude Merlet & Bernard Boyer

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  1. Jorge Plá Cid
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  2. Lauro Valentim Stoll Nardi
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  3. Pere Enrique Gisbert
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  5. Bernard Boyer
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Correspondence to Lauro Valentim Stoll Nardi.

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Plá Cid, J., Nardi, L.V.S., Gisbert, P.E. et al. SIMS analyses on trace and rare earth elements in coexisting clinopyroxene and mica from minette mafic enclaves in potassic syenites crystallized under high pressures. Contrib Mineral Petrol 148, 675–688 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-004-0626-7

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