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Association of Dyslipidemia and Respiratory Resistance Assessed by the Forced Oscillation Technique in Asthmatic Children

  • PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY
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Abstract

Purpose

This study aimed to evaluate the associations between dyslipidemia and pulmonary function parameters assessed by spirometry and the forced oscillation technique in asthmatic children.

Methods

Asthmatic children (5–18 years old) had fasting serum lipid profiles including low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations, and C-reactive protein (CRP) measured. Pulmonary function tests were assessed by spirometry and the forced oscillation technique (FOT).

Results

One hundred forty-one asthmatic children were enrolled with a mean (SD) age of 11.82 (3.38) years. Eighty-eight (62.4%) children were boys, 64 (45.4%) had dyslipidemia, and 20 (14.2%) were obese. Among the children with dyslipidemia, a high LDL-C concentration (65.6%) was the most common form of dyslipidemia, followed by high TC (57.8%), high TG (35.9%), and low HDL-C concentrations (15.6%). Multivariable analysis showed significant associations between HDL-C concentrations and respiratory resistance at 5 Hz (R5) and respiratory resistance at 20 Hz (R20), and TC concentrations were modestly associated with reactance at 5 Hz (X5), the frequency of resonance (Fres), and the area of reactance (ALX). Asthmatic children who had high LDL-C concentrations had a significantly higher expiratory phase R5, whole breath R20, and expiratory phase R20 than those in children with normal LDL-C concentrations.

Conclusion

This study suggests an association of blood cholesterol, especially HDL-C and LDL-C, and respiratory resistance measured by the FOT, irrespective of the obesity status. An intervention for improving LDL-C and HDL-C concentrations may be beneficial on lung function parameters in asthmatic children.


Clinical Trial Registration: TCTR20200305005; date of registration: 03-04-2020 (retrospectively registered).

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Data Availability

The data that support the findings of this study are not publicly available because they contain information that could compromise the privacy of research participants but are available from the corresponding author (W.M.) upon reasonable request.

Abbreviations

FVC:

Forced vital capacity

FEV1 :

Forced expiratory volume in 1 second

FEF25–75 :

Forced expiratory flow at 25–75% of FVC

PACT:

Pediatric asthma control test

PAQLQ:

Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire

CRP:

C-reactive protein

HDL-C:

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol

LDL-C:

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol

TC:

Total cholesterol

TG:

Triglyceride

FOT:

Forced oscillation technique

R5 :

Respiratory resistance at 5 Hz

R20 :

Respiratory resistance at 20 Hz

X5 :

Respiratory reactance at 5 Hz

ALX:

Area of reactance

Fres:

Resonance frequency

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Ms Cherapat Sasisakulporn for helping in performing the FOT and spirometry measurement.

Funding

This work was supported by the Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pediatrics Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 270 Rama VI Rd, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand

    Pakvirin Nanakorn Chanachon, Wanlapa Jotikasthira, Potjanee Kiewngam, Adithep Sawatchai, Watcharoot Kanchongkittiphon & Wiparat Manuyakorn

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  1. Pakvirin Nanakorn Chanachon
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Contributions

PNC, WK, and WM designed the study. PNC, WJ, and PK contributed to data collection. PNC, AS, and WM performed the statistical analysis and interpretation of the results. PNC and WM drafted the manuscript. WK and WM edited the final manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Wiparat Manuyakorn.

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Conflict of interest

The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.The data that support the findings of this study are not publicly available because they contain information that could compromise the privacy of research participants but are available from the corresponding author (W.M.) upon reasonable request.

Ethical Approval

Ethical approval was provided by the Human Rights and Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand (ID: MURA2019/55).

Consent to Participate

Written informed consent and informed written assent for children aged 7 years or older were obtained for all participants and their parents.

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Written informed consent and informed written assent for children aged 7 years or older were obtained for all participants and their parents.

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Chanachon, P.N., Jotikasthira, W., Kiewngam, P. et al. Association of Dyslipidemia and Respiratory Resistance Assessed by the Forced Oscillation Technique in Asthmatic Children. Lung 200, 73–82 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00408-021-00502-1

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