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Validity of remission and recovery criteria for schizophrenia and major depression: comparison of the results of two one-year follow-up naturalistic studies

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Abstract

The objective of the present study was the application and comparison of common remission and recovery criteria between patients with the diagnosis of schizophrenia and major depressive disorder (MDD) under inclusion of other outcome parameters. Patients with schizophrenia and MDD who were treated as inpatients at the beginning of the study were examined within two naturalistic follow-up trials from admission to discharge of an inpatient treatment period and the one-year follow-up assessment. PANSS criteria of the Remission in Schizophrenia Working Group (RSWG) for schizophrenia and HAMD criteria of the ACNP Task Force in MDD for depressive patients as well as the Clinical Global Impression-Severity Scale (CGI-S) were applied as symptomatic outcome measures additionally to functional outcome parameters. Data of 153 schizophrenia patients and 231 patients with a MDD episode have been included in the analysis. More depressive than schizophrenia patients reached a threshold score of ≤3 on the CGI-S, indicating symptomatic remission at discharge and at the one-year follow-up. In contrast similar proportions of patients reaching symptomatic remission at discharge from inpatient treatment and at the one-year follow-up in the schizophrenia and in the MDD group were found when disease-related consensus criteria (RSWG vs. ACNP Task Force) were used. Functional remission and recovery rates were significantly lower in schizophrenia than in depressive patients at the one-year follow-up visit. Common outcome criteria for remission and recovery in schizophrenia and major depression were not directly comparable. However, our results indicated a significantly poorer outcome in schizophrenia than in depressive patients according to terms of remission and recovery.

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Acknowledgements

The study was performed within the framework of the German Research Network on Schizophrenia and Depression, which was funded by the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research BMBF (01GI0233 and 01GI0219). The BMBF had no further role in study design, in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data, in the writing of the report, or in the decision to submit the paper for publication.

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Author notes

  1. Ilja Spellmann

    Present address: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bezirkskrankenhaus Kaufbeuren, Kemnater Str. 16, 87600, Kaufbeuren, Germany

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany

    Ilja Spellmann, Rebecca Schennach, Florian Seemüller, Sebastian Meyer, Richard Musil, Eckart Rüther, Michael Riedel & Hans-Jürgen Möller

  2. Schön Klinik Roseneck, Am Roseneck 6, 83209, Prien am Chiemsee, Rosenheim, Germany

    Rebecca Schennach

  3. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, kbo-Lech-Mangfall-Klinik, Auenstr. 6, 82467, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany

    Florian Seemüller

  4. Abteilung Biostatistik, ISPM Universität Zürich, Hirschengraben 84, 8001, Zürich, Switzerland

    Sebastian Meyer

  5. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bezirkskrankenhaus Günzburg, Ludwig-Heilmeyer-Str. 2, 89312, Günzburg, Germany

    Markus Jäger

  6. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bezirkskrankenhaus Augsburg, Dr.-Mack-Straße 1, 86156, Augsburg, Germany

    Max Schmauß

  7. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, kbo-Inn-Salzach-Klinikum, Gabersee 7, 83512, Wasserburg, Germany

    Gerd Laux

  8. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Munich East, kbo-Isar-Amper-Klinikum, Vockestr. 72, 85540, Haar, Germany

    Herbert Pfeiffer & Wolfram Bender

  9. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany

    Dieter Naber

  10. Practice for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Obere Straße 9, 97421, Schweinfurt, Germany

    Lutz G. Schmidt

  11. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Bergische Landstr.2, 40629, Düsseldorf, Germany

    Wolfgang Gaebel

  12. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50924, Köln, Germany

    Joachim Klosterkötter

  13. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte (CCM), Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany

    Isabella Heuser

  14. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Carl Gustav Carus Hospital, Technical University, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany

    Michael Bauer

  15. Fliedner Klinik Berlin, Charlottenstraße 65, 10117, Berlin, Germany

    Mazda Adli & Markus Gastpar

  16. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Auguste-Viktoria-Krankenhaus, Rubensstr. 125, 12157, Berlin, Germany

    Joachim Zeiler

  17. LWL-Klinikum, Gütersloh, Buxelstr. 50, 33334, Gütersloh, Germany

    Klaus-Thomas Kronmüller

  18. Max-Planck-Institut, Kraepelinstr. 2 – 10, 80804, München, Germany

    Marcus Ising

  19. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bezirkskrankenhaus Kempten, Robert-Weixler-Str. 46, 87439, Kempten, Germany

    Peter Brieger

  20. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany

    Wolfgang Maier

  21. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Alsterdorf, Alsterdorfer Markt 8, 22297, Hamburg, Germany

    Matthias R. Lemke

  22. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Osianderstraße 24, 72076, Tübingen, Germany

    Stefan Klingberg

  23. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Vinzenz von Paul Hospital, Schwenninger Str. 55, 78628, Rottweil, Germany

    Michael Riedel

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Spellmann, I., Schennach, R., Seemüller, F. et al. Validity of remission and recovery criteria for schizophrenia and major depression: comparison of the results of two one-year follow-up naturalistic studies. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 267, 303–313 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-016-0741-2

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