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Prevalence of sleep impairment in patients with tinnitus: a systematic review and single-arm meta-analysis

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aimed to comprehensively review the literature and synthesize relevant data to examine the pooled prevalence of poor sleep quality (sleep impairment) and assess overall sleep quality in patients with tinnitus.

Methods

This meta-analysis systematically searched both English (PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science) and Chinese (Wanfang Data Chinese database, Veep Chinese Database, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure) databases. Data extraction and quality assessment were independently performed by two authors. The pooled prevalence of sleep impairment and poor sleep quality was calculated via a random-effects model. Sub-group and sensitivity analyses were performed to explore the source of heterogeneity.

Results

A total of seven studies were included with a total sample of 3041 tinnitus participants. The pooled prevalence of sleep impairment was 53.5% (95% confidence interval: 40.2–66.8%) and the I2 was 97.8% (Q = 7.90, p = 0.000). There were significant differences in the prevalence of poor sleep quality between males and females (39.1% vs. 44.6%, P = 0.034), between different PSQI cut-off values ≥ 7 and > 5 (53.1% vs. 53.8%, P = 0.000), and between sample sizes > 200 and ≤ 200 (54.0% vs. 52.7%, P = 0.000). In non-Asia area, the prevalence (56.6%, 95% CI: 42.6–70.5%) was lower than that in Asia areas (34.5%, 95% CI: 25.7–43.3%).

Conclusion

Sleep impairment is common among patients with tinnitus. Development of interventions for conditions associated with poor sleep quality should be recommended to offer a safe and efficacious solution for this population.

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Availability of data and materials

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in the article.

Code availability

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Funding

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hearing Center/Hearing and Speech Science Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Lane, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China

    Hailing Gu, Huilin Yin & Yun Zheng

  2. Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China

    Weili Kong

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  1. Hailing Gu
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  4. Yun Zheng
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Contributions

HG and WK contributed equally to this manuscript, and they are the co-first authors. All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, and data collection and analysis were performed by HG and WK. The first draft of the manuscript was written by HG, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Additional declarations for articles in life science journals that report the results of studies involving humans and/or animals.

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Correspondence to Yun Zheng.

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Gu, H., Kong, W., Yin, H. et al. Prevalence of sleep impairment in patients with tinnitus: a systematic review and single-arm meta-analysis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 279, 2211–2221 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-021-07092-x

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