Abstract
Purpose
Several scholars with links to ENT have received the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine. This overview takes into account ENT Nobel nominees, who never received the award.
Methods
Drawing a comparison on the nominations collected in the archive of the Nobel Committee for physiology or medicine in Stockholm, the Nobel archive database and secondary literature; the paper analyzes for the first time the nominations of Hans Schmid (Stettin), Hermann Gutzmann (Berlin), Karl Wittmaack (Hamburg), and Chevalier Jackson (Chicago). We also bring up nomination letters written by prominent German nominators such as Hermann Schwartze (one of the founders of this journal) and August Lucae.
Results
Hans Schmid was the first surgeon to be brought up in a Nobel Prize nomination for an ENT procedure (1901), but since he had passed away 5 years earlier he was not evaluated by the Nobel Committee. Hermann Gutzmann was a strong candidate in 1917 and reached the shortlist because of his pioneering work on stutter, but no Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine was awarded that year. In the 1930′s, both Karl Wittmaack and Chevalier Jackson were repeatedly nominated for ENT research.
Conclusion
Nobel Prize nominations are to date underused sources that shed new light on some scholars in ENT history.
References
Hansson N, Halling T, Fangerau H (eds) (2019) Attributing excellence in medicine: the history of the Nobel Prize. Brill, Leiden
Hansson N, Halling T, Fangerau H (2016) The Nobel Prize and otolaryngology: papa Gunnar’s promotion of his peers Gustav Killian and Themistocles Gluck. Acta Otolaryngol 136(9):871–874
http://nominationarchive.nobelprize.org/nomination/archive/. Visited December 10, 2019
Hansson N, Jones DS, Schlich T (2019) Defining ‘cutting-edge’ excellence: awarding Nobel Prizes (or Not) to surgeons. In: Hansson N et al (eds) Attributing excellence in medicine: the history of the Nobel Prize. Brill, Leiden, pp 122–139
Schmid H (1889) Zur Statistik der Totalexstirpation des Kehlkopfes im functionellen Sinne: laute, verständliche Sprache. Arch Klin Chir 38:132–142
Gutzmann H (1887) Über das Stottern. Med. Inaug.- Diss, Berlin
Vrtička K et al (2009) Who was standing at the cradle of phoniatrics? To celebrate the 90th anniversary of the name of our medical specialty. Folia Phoniatr Logop 61:311–315
Archive of the Nobel Committee for physiology or medicine, Stockholm, yearbook 1917. Nomination for Gutzmann by Bloch
Kuczkowski J et al (2015) Hermann Gutzmann (1865–1922): the father of phoniatrics, an independent specialty. J Voice 29(3):263–264
Gutzmann H (1889) Die Verhütung und Bekämpfung des Stotterns in der Schule. Thieme, Leipzig
Gutzmann H (1906) Die Entwicklung der Sprache und deren Hemmnisse. Das Buch vom Kinde. Hsrg. A Schneider. Teubner, Leipzig, pp 9–18
Wendler J (1979) 75 Jahre Phoniatrie. Humbold- Universität, Berlin, Festschrift zu Ehren von Hermann Gutzmann Sen
Pirsig W, Ulrich R (1977) Karl Wittmaack: his life, temporal bone collection, and publications. Arch Oto-Rhino-Laryng 217:247–262
Pau HW, Peimann CJ, Ussmüller J (1993) Über die Wittmaack-Felsenbeinsammlung und Möglichkeiten einer EDV-Katalogisierung. HNO 41:512–518
Clerf LH (1966) Chevalier Jackson. Arch Otolaryngol 83:292–296
Stool S, Brown SL (1983) Ellen James Patterson, MD. 1873–1965. Arch Otolaryngol 109:60–61
Anonymous (1951) William E. Grove, M.D., 1882–1951. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 60(2):583
Boyd A (1994) Chevalier Jackson: the father of American bronchoesophagoscopy. Ann Thorac Surg 57:502–505
Morgenstern L (2007) Endoscopist and artist: Chevalier Jackson, MD. Surg Innov 14(3):149–152
Baloh R, Halmagyi G, Zee D (2012) The history and future of neuro-otology. Continuum 18(5 Neuro-otology):1001–1015. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.CON.0000418371.49605.19
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Ethical approval
This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.
Informed consent
Not applicable.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hansson, N., Drobietz, M. & Mudry, A. Otorhinolaryngologists nominated for the Nobel Prize 1901–1940. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 277, 1255–1258 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-020-05833-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-020-05833-y