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Effects of pentoxifylline and tocopherol on a rat-irradiated jaw model using micro-CT cortical bone analysis

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Abstract

Purpose

A combination of pentoxifylline (PTX) and tocopherol (TP) is believed to reduce chronic fibrosis and induce bone healing in osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the mandible, but evidence of its therapeutic effectiveness for cortical bone is lacking. This study was designed to determine the effect of combined PTX and TP (PTX + TP) on mandibular cortical bone remodeling in a rat model of ORN, using micro-CT and histological analysis.

Methods

Forty-eight 8-week-old male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into irradiated (n = 40) and non-irradiated (n = 8) groups. Animals in the irradiated group were divided into four sub-groups, including PTX, TP, PTX + TP, and normal saline. Three weeks after irradiation, mandibular posterior tooth extraction was performed, and animals were sacrificed 7 weeks after irradiation. The mandibles were analyzed using micro-CT and histological evaluation.

Results

The alveolar bone height, cortical bone thickness, cortical bone volume, and total cortical bone surface of the PTX + TP group were significantly greater than those of other irradiated groups (p < 0.05). In 3D reconstructed images, the residual volumes of cortical and cancellous bone were inadequate in the irradiated groups.

Conclusion

We found that a combination of PTX and TP improved quality and quantity of cortical bone in irradiated rat mandibles, thus providing supporting evidence of its utility as a treatment and prophylactic agent in ORN. We observed inadequate volumes of cortical and cancellous bone in ORN mandibles, suggesting that cortical bone could play an important role in further ORN studies.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by Grant no 03-2019-0043 from the SNUDH Research Fund and by Basic Science Research Program of NRF funded by the Ministry of Education (2017R1D1A1B04029339).

Funding

This study had no funding.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea

    Truc Thi Hoang Nguyen, Mi Young Eo, Mi Hyun Seo, Hoon Myoung, Soung Min Kim & Jong Ho Lee

Authors
  1. Truc Thi Hoang Nguyen
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  2. Mi Young Eo
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  3. Mi Hyun Seo
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  4. Hoon Myoung
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  5. Soung Min Kim
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Soung Min Kim.

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There are no conflicts of interest in this article.

Ethical approval

The study procedures received the animal research ethics approval from the Seoul National University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (SNU-180213-1-1), and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Nguyen, T.T.H., Eo, M.Y., Seo, M.H. et al. Effects of pentoxifylline and tocopherol on a rat-irradiated jaw model using micro-CT cortical bone analysis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 276, 3443–3452 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-019-05600-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-019-05600-8

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