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Usefulness of our proposed olfactory scoring system during endoscopic sinus surgery in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis

  • Rhinology
  • Published:
European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Introduction

The primary aim of the current study was to examine the usefulness of our proposed olfactory scoring system in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients with olfactory disorders (n = 213) receiving endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS).

Materials and methods

Analyzed patients were divided into two groups: an eosinophilic CRS (ECRS) group (n = 153); and a non-ECRS group (n = 60). The T&T recognition threshold test was used to evaluate olfaction at baseline and at 3 and 12 months after ESS. Patients with mean recognition threshold < 2.0 at 3 or 12 months or with a decrease of ≥ 1.0 as compared with baseline were defined as showing clinical improvement. We scored mucosal conditions as normal (0 points), edema (1 point), and polyp (2 points) at the canopy of olfactory cleft (OC), middle and superior turbinates, superior nasal meatus, and sphenoethmoidal recess during ESS. The total score of OCs (SOCs) was calculated (range 0–20 points). We compared SOCs between ECRS and non-ECRS groups. Factors related to olfactory improvement were also investigated using uni- and multivariate analyses.

Results

SOCs in the ECRS and non-ECRS groups showed significant correlations with mean recognition thresholds at baseline and at 3 and 12 months. In the multivariate analysis for predicting improvement of mean recognition threshold, lower SOCs were significantly associated with olfactory improvement factors at 3 and 12 months postoperatively in the ECRS group.

Conclusion

SOCs appears promising for estimating olfactory prognosis after ESS in CRS patients.

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Abbreviations

CRS:

Chronic rhinosinusitis

ESS:

Endoscopic sinus surgery

CT:

Computed tomography

SD:

Standard deviation

ECRS:

Eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis

OC:

Olfactory cleft

SOC:

Score of olfactory clefts

OR:

Odds ratio

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Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge the help of our technical assistants, Ms. Yumi Kida and Mrs. Midori Tanide.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1, Mukogawacho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan

    Ken Okazaki, Kenzo Tsuzuki, Kengo Hashimoto, Yasuo Mishiro & Masafumi Sakagami

  2. Center for Clinical Research and Education, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1, Mukogawacho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan

    Hiroki Nishikawa

  3. Department of Otolaryngology, Osaka Minato Central Hospital, 1-8-30, Chikko Minato-ku, Osaka, 552-0021, Osaka, Japan

    Hironori Takebayashi

  4. Department of Otolaryngology, Takarazuka City Hospital, 4-5-1, Kohama, Takarazuka, 665-0827, Hyogo, Japan

    Hideki Oka & Yusuke Kojima

  5. Department of Otolaryngology, Hyogo Prefectural Awaji Medical Center, 1-1-137, Shioya, Sumoto, 656-0021, Hyogo, Japan

    Yoriko Yukitatsu

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  1. Ken Okazaki
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Contributions

Conception and design of the study: KT, KO, YM, and MS; acquisition of data: KO, KT, KH, HT, HO, YK, and YY; analysis and interpretation of data: KO, KT, KH, MS, and HN; drafting of the article: KO, KT, and HN.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kenzo Tsuzuki.

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Funding

This work was partly supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, KAKENHI: numbers JP25462671 and JP16K11220) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, and the Practical Research Project for Rare/Intractable Diseases from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED).

Conflict of interest

All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The ethics committee meeting in our institution approved all study protocols (approval number 1512). Written informed consent from the participants was waived due to the retrospective nature of this study.

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405_2017_4831_MOESM1_ESM.pptx

Supplementary figure 1 SOCs in the improvement and unchanged groups at five assessment sites in the ECRS group at 3 months (A) and 12 months (B). Supplementary figure 2 SOCs in the improvement and unchanged groups at five assessment sites in the non-ECRS group at 3 months (A) and 12 months (B). (PPTX 14676 KB)

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Okazaki, K., Tsuzuki, K., Hashimoto, K. et al. Usefulness of our proposed olfactory scoring system during endoscopic sinus surgery in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 275, 415–423 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-017-4831-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-017-4831-1

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