References
Hong SN, Lee WH, Lee SH, Rhee CS, Lee CH, Kim JW (2017) Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps is associated with chronic otitis media in the elderly. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 274:1463–1470
Leuwer R (2016) Anatomy of the Eustachian tube. Otolaryngol Clin N Am 49:1097–1106
Ars B, Dirckx J (2016) Eustachian tube function. Otolaryngol Clin N Am 49:1121–1133
Terzi S, Beyazal Çeliker F, Özgür A, Çeliker M, Beyazal M, Demirci M, Dursun E (2016) The evaluation of Eustachian tube paratubal structures using magnetic resonance imaging in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media. Acta Otolaryngol 136:673–676
Doyle WJ, Swarts JD, Banks J, Casselbrant ML, Mandel EM, Alper CM (2013) Sensitivity and specificity of Eustachian tube function tests in adults. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 139:719–727
Tadić L, Vasković Z, Stojanović S, Krsmanović J (2002) Relation between size of the nasopharynx and occurrence of chronic otitis media. Srp Arh Celok Lek 130 Suppl 1:12–5
Fujita A, Honjo I, Kurata K, Gan I, Takahashi H (1993) Refractory otitis media with effusion from viewpoints of eustachian tube dysfunction and nasal sinusitis. Am J Otolaryngol 14:187–190
Hong J, Chen K, Lyu H, Yin D, Yang L, Zhang T, Dai P (2017) Age-related changes in the morphological relationship between the supratubal recess and the Eustachian tube. Auris Nasus Larynx. doi:10.1016/j.anl.2017.05.010
Paltura C, Can TS, Yilmaz BK, Dinç ME, Develioğlu ÖN, Külekçi M (2017) Eustachian tube diameter: is it associated with chronic otitis media development? Am J Otolaryngol 38:414–416
Aksoy S, Sayin I, Yazici ZM, Kayhan FT, Karahasanoglu A, Hocaoglu E, Inci E (2016) The evaluation of the angles of Eustachian tubes in the patients with chronic otitis media on the temporal computerized tomography. Niger J Clin Pract 19:318–322
Smith ME, Scoffings DJ, Tysome JR (2016) Imaging of the Eustachian tube and its function: a systematic review. Neuroradiology 58:543–556
Tarabichi M, Najmi M (2015) Site of Eustachian tube obstruction in chronic ear disease. Laryngoscope 125:2572–2575
DelGaudio JM (2005) Direct nasopharyngeal reflux of gastric acid is a contributing factor in refractory chronic rhinosinusitis. Laryngoscope 115:946–957
Weber RK, Jaspersen D, Keerl R, Eikermann M, Mösges R (2004) Gastroesophageal reflux disease and chronic sinusitis. Laryngorhinootologie 83:189–195
Wise SK, Wise JC, DelGaudio JM (2006) Association of nasopharyngeal and laryngopharyngeal reflux with postnasal drip symptomatology in patients with and without rhinosinusitis. Am J Rhinol 20:283–289
Nation J, Kaufman M, Allen M, Sheyn A, Coticchia J (2014) Incidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease and positive maxillary antral cultures in children with symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 78:218–222
Sella GCP, Tamashiro E, Anselmo-Lima WT, Valera FCP (2017) Relation between chronic rhinosinusitis and gastroesophageal reflux in adults: systematic review. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 83:356–363
Ren JJ, Zhao Y, Wang J, Ren X, Xu Y, Tang W, He Z (2017) Pepsin A as a marker of laryngopharyngeal reflux detected in chronic rhinosinusitis patients. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 156:893–900
Bercin S, Kutluhan A, Yurttas V, Yalciner G, Bozdemir K, Sari N (2008) Evaluation of laryngopharyngeal reflux in patients with suspected laryngopharyngeal reflux, chronic otitis media and laryngeal disorders. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 265:1539–1543
Miura MS, Mascaro M, Rosenfeld RM (2012) Association between otitis media and gastroesophageal reflux: a systematic review. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 146:345–352
Habesoglu TE, Habesoglu M, Kalaycik C, Tek A, Surmeli M, Egeli E (2012) Gastroesophageal reflux disease and tympanoplasty surgical outcome: is there a relationship? J Laryngol Otol 126:580–585
Karimi Yazdi A, Tajdini A, Malekzadeh R, Nasseri-Moghaddam S, Mazlum M, Nokhbeh-Zaeem H, Biazar P, Amiri M (2012) Treatment of gastro-esophageal reflux disease may improve surgical outcomes for chronic otitis media. Middle East J Dig Dis 4:224–227
Poelmans J, Tack J, Feenstra L (2001) Chronic middle ear disease and gastroesophageal reflux disease: a causal relation? Otol Neurotol 22:447–450
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
Zhengcai Lou declares that he has no conflict of interest.
Ethical approval
This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lou, Z. Assessment of laryngopharyngeal reflux and the shape of the Eustachian tube should be considered in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and chronic otitis media. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 274, 4265–4266 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-017-4684-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-017-4684-7