Abstract
Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) is a cationic protein and a member of the innate immunity-associated protein family. The main function of SLPI is to protect local tissue against the detrimental consequences of inflammation. We undertook this study to investigate the expression of SLPI in human middle ear cholesteatoma tissue as compared with normal external auditory canal skin. Cholesteatoma tissues and external auditory canal skin samples were obtained from eight patients during middle ear surgery. The expression levels of SLPI mRNA and protein were evaluated by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting. Immunohistochemical staining was performed in both tissue groups using anti-SLPI antibody. Real-time RT-PCR showed that SLPI mRNA levels in cholesteatoma tissues were increased 7.8-fold on average as compared with normal auditory canal skin. Western blotting analysis showed that SLPI protein expression in cholesteatoma epithelium is up-regulated versus external auditory canal skin epithelium. Immunohistochemical staining for SLPI showed that SLPI is expressed mainly in the stratum granulosum and in subepithelial inflammatory cells. These findings imply that SLPI contributes to host protection against inflammatory cell and destructive enzymes in the chronic inflammatory state of cholesteatoma by affecting the innate immune system.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Chertov O, Yang D, Howard OMZ, Oppenheim JJ (2000) Leukocyte granule proteins mobilize innate host defenses and adaptive immune response. Immunol Rev 177:68–78
Franken C, Meijer CJ, Dijkman JH (1989) Tissue distribution of antileukoprotease and lysozyme in humans. J Histochem Cytochem 37:493–498
Gauthier F, Fryksmark U, Ohlsson K, Bieth JG (1982) Kinetics of the inhibition of leukocyte elastase by the bronchial inhibitor. Biochim Biophys Acta 700:178–183
Hiemstra PS, Maassen RJ, Stolk J, Heinzel-Wieland R et al (1996) Antibacterial activity of antileukoprotease. Infect Immun 64:4520–4524
Huttner KM, Bevins CL (1999) Antimicrobial peptides as mediators of epithelial host defense. Pediatr Res 45:785–794
Jin FY, Nathan CF, Radzioch D, Ding A (1998) Lipopolysaccharide-related stimuli induce expression of the secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor, a macrophage-derived lipopolysaccharide inhibitor. Infect Immun 66:2447–2452
Jin FY, Nathan CF, Radzioch D, Ding A (1997) Secretory leukocyte proteinase inhibitor: a macrophage product induced by and antagonistic to bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Cell 88:417–426
McNeely TB, Dealy M, Dripps DJ, Orenstein JM, Eisenberg SP, Wahl SM (1995) Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor: a human saliva protein exhibiting anti-human immunodeficiency virus 1 activity in vitro. J Clin Invest 96:456–464
Schonwetter BS, Stolzenberg ED, Zasloff MA (1995) Epithelial antibiotics induced at sites of inflammation. Science 267:1645–1648
Tomee JF, Wierenga AT, Hiemstra PS, Kauffman HK (1997) Proteases from Aspergillus fumigatus induce release of proinflammatory cytokines and cell detachment in airway epithelial cell lines. Infect Dis 76:300–303
Zhang Y, DeWitt DL, McNeely TB, Wahl SM, Wahl LM (1997) Secretory leukocyte proteinase inhibitor suppresses the production of monocyte prostaglandin H synthase-2, prostaglandin E2 and matrix metalloproteinase. J Clin Invest 99:894–900
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This manuscript has no relation to any financial interests or support, and has not yet been presented before any professional otolaryngological association
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lee, JK., Chae, SW., Cho, JG. et al. Expression of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor in middle ear cholesteatoma. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 263, 1077–1081 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-006-0126-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-006-0126-7