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Do serum vitamin D levels affect assisted reproductive outcomes and perinatal outcomes in young non-PCOS patients? A retrospective study

  • Gynecologic Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine
  • Published:
Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

This study aimed to determine the influence of serum vitamin D levels on assisted reproductive and perinatal outcomes in young non-polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients.

Methods

A total of 3397 non-PCOS women under 35 years who underwent their first IVF/ICSI cycle at the Reproductive Medicine Center of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, from 2018 to 2019, were included. The women were categorized into two groups based on their serum 25(OH)D concentrations: deficient group [25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L] and non-deficient group [25(OH)D ≥ 50 nmol/L]. Ovulation induction results, clinical pregnancy rate, cumulative live birth rate (CLBR), and perinatal outcomes of both groups were compared.

Results

A total of 1113 non-PCOS women had successful pregnancies in their first completed IVF cycle. Comparison of laboratory results between the two groups revealed a significantly higher number of oocytes retrieved in the vitamin D-non-deficient group (15.2 ± 6.8 vs. 14.5 ± 6.7, p = 0.015). After controlling for confounding factors, there was no significant difference in the CLBR between the vitamin D-deficient group and the non-deficient group (71.0%, 1,973/2,778 vs. 69.0%, 427/619, p = 0.314, unadjusted). The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was higher in the vitamin D-deficient group than in the vitamin D-non-deficient group in both fresh-cycle singleton live births (3.8% vs. 1.2%) and twin live births (2.3% vs. 1.5%).

Conclusion

This study demonstrated that vitamin D-deficient group had a lower number of oocytes retrieved than the non-deficient group and a higher prevalence of GDM, suggesting that vitamin D deficiency impacts assisted pregnancies and perinatal outcomes in infertile non-PCOS women. However, further studies are required to confirm these findings.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the patients who participated in the study. The authors are also grateful to physicians and coordinators who enrolled patients and collected data from all women who participated in this study.

Funding

Funding was provided by the Medical Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province (Joint Construction) [LHGJ20190365], the Key Scientific Research Project of Colleges and Universities in Henan Province [20B320044] and the National Key R&D Program "Fertility Health and Health Security for Women and Children": Clinical Cohort and Intervention Study on Genetic Problems in Assisted Reproduction Offspring (2021YFC2700602).

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Author notes

  1. Jiaheng Li and Mengnuo Li both authors contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Reproduction Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of ZhengZhou University, Henan, 450000, China

    Jiaheng Li, Mengnuo Li, Yijiang Li, Xianling Zhao, Yichun Guan, Yuchao Zhang, Wenjuan Zhang, Wei Zheng, Meng Zhang & Sheling Wu

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  1. Jiaheng Li
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Contributions

Jiaheng Li, Mengnuo Li contributed to the conception and design of the study and drafted the manuscript. Yijiang Li, Xianling Zhao, Yichun Guan, Wenjuan Zhang, Meng Zhang, Seling Wu were involved in the acquisition of data collection. Mengnuo Li, Wei Zheng, Yuchao Zhang analyzed data. All authors revised the article and gave their final approval of the submitted version.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jiaheng Li.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

Ethics approval was obtained from the ethical committee of the third affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou University (2021-WZ-003).This study followed the basic principles of the declaration of Helsinki.

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Verbal informed consent was obtained from all patients for being included in the study.

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Li, J., Li, M., Li, Y. et al. Do serum vitamin D levels affect assisted reproductive outcomes and perinatal outcomes in young non-PCOS patients? A retrospective study. Arch Gynecol Obstet 309, 2099–2106 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-024-07410-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-024-07410-8

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