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Maternal and fetal outcomes during pregnancy and puerperium in obese and overweight pregnant women. A cohort study

  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Published:
Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

compare incidences of maternal–fetal complications during pregnancy, labor, and early puerperium according to baseline BMI in a consecutive cohort of pregnant women.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study compares pregnancy outcome indicators by body mass index (BMI) in 1236 pregnant women managed over the period January 2017 to May 2018. Data were collected regarding the personal history (smoking, diabetes and hypertension), obstetrics and BMI (kg/m2) (normoweight 18.5–24.9, overweight 25–29.9, obese ≥ 30).

Results

Of the 1236 women, 354 (28.6%) were overweight and 206 (16.7%) were obese at the start of pregnancy follow-up. Mean age at this time was 33 years (SD 6). Risk factors for a cesarean-section delivery assessed through logistic regression were maternal age (OR 1.05 95% CI 2.06–6.15; p < 0.001) and previous C-section (OR 4.21 95% CI 2.89–6.14; p < 0.001) regardless of BMI. In a propensity score analysis, pregnancy weight gain was found lower in obese vs normoweight (− 2.73 kg 95% CI − 3.74 to − 1.72 p < 0.001), and newborn weight higher in obese vs normoweight women (161.21 g 95% CI 57.94–264.48 p = 0.002). Labor duration and weight gain were reduced in overweight vs normoweight subjects (− 0.72 h 95% CI − 1.27 to − 0.17 p = 0.010 and 0.81 kg 95% CI − 1.50 to − 0.12 p = 0.021, respectively).

Conclusions

In this cohort, obese women showed higher rates of prenatal complications yet obesity and overweight were not related to worse puerperium outcomes.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Cristina Fernández Pérez PhMD, from the Preventive Medicine and Public Health Department of the University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, for designing the statistical approach used.

Funding

This research received no external funding.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti. C/Ulises, Romero nº1, 27003, Lugo, Spain

    Ana Otero-Naveiro, Cristina Gómez-Fernández, Rebeca Álvarez-Fernández, Marta Pérez-López & Eugenio Paz-Fernández

Authors
  1. Ana Otero-Naveiro
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  2. Cristina Gómez-Fernández
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  3. Rebeca Álvarez-Fernández
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  4. Marta Pérez-López
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  5. Eugenio Paz-Fernández
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Otero-Naveiro A was responsible of: protocol development, data collection, data analysis, manuscript writing, manuscript editing. Gómez-Fernández C was responsible of: protocol development, data collection, data analysis, manuscript writing, manuscript editing. Álvarez-Fernández R was responsible of: protocol development, manuscript review, supervision, project administration. Pérez-López M was responsible of: protocol development, manuscript review, manuscript editing. Paz-Fernández E was responsible of: manuscript review, supervision, project administration. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ana Otero-Naveiro.

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Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethics approval

The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and the protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Santiago-Lugo on November 17th 2020 (registration code: 2020/541).

Informed consent

Not required. This is a retrospective study conducted on already available data. All information is anonymized and the submission does not include images that may identify the person.

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Otero-Naveiro, A., Gómez-Fernández, C., Álvarez-Fernández, R. et al. Maternal and fetal outcomes during pregnancy and puerperium in obese and overweight pregnant women. A cohort study. Arch Gynecol Obstet 304, 1205–1212 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-021-06059-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-021-06059-x

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