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Indocyanine green fluorescence imaging in the pregnant cynomolgus macaque: childbearing is supported by a unilateral uterine artery and vein alone?

  • General Gynecology
  • Published:
Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

Uterine blood flow is required for the maintenance of uterine viability in pregnancy and delivery, but it is unknown how many vessels are necessary for maintenance of uterine viability. The objective of this study was to examine whether unilateral uterine vessels provide sufficient nutrition in pregnancy in a cynomolgus macaque and to evaluate hemodynamics of pregnant uterus by indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging.

Methods

A cynomolgus macaque with uterine blood flow maintained by the right uterine artery and vein alone was made pregnant. Hemodynamics of the uterus in the third trimester was evaluated by ICG fluorescence imaging.

Results

Pregnancy was maintained with the right uterine artery and vein. An appropriate-for-date infant was delivered by Cesarean section. ICG fluorescence imaging showed that the uterine body was imaged from the right side to the center; furthermore, collateral circulation was present from the right uterine artery toward the left uterine artery, with expanded blood flow to the left uterine body.

Conclusion

Pregnancy and delivery were achieved in a cynomolgus macaque with a unilateral right uterine artery and vein. Blood flow to the side without the artery was complemented by vascularization of collateral circulation to the uterine artery.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Tomoharu Mine and Yuhei Shigeta of IMI Co., Ltd. for their technical assistance and to Hirohito Kato, Nobuyoshi Yamashita, Yoshiro Nishida, Kotaro Hanaki, Ryuichi Katagiri, Tomoko Shimonosono, and Shuzo Koyama of Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories for experimental support. This study was supported by the Strategic Research Foundation Grant-aided Project for Private Universities from Ministry of Education, Culture, Sport, Science, and Technology, Japan (MEXT); Graduate School Doctoral Student Grant-in-Aid Program 2012; Keio University Grant-in-Aid for Encouragement of Young Medical Scientists; Kanzawa Medical Research Foundation; Akaeda Medical Research Foundation; the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) through a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI), a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) (22390313), a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) (22591866), and a Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B) (21791573); and the Keio University Medical Science Fund through a Research Grant for Life Sciences and Medicine. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

Conflict of interest

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan

    Iori Kisu, Kouji Banno, Megumi Yanokura, Yuya Nogami, Kiyoko Umene, Kosuke Tsuji, Kenta Masuda, Arisa Ueki, Yusuke Kobayashi & Daisuke Aoki

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  1. Iori Kisu
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  2. Kouji Banno
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  3. Megumi Yanokura
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  4. Yuya Nogami
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  5. Kiyoko Umene
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  6. Kosuke Tsuji
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  7. Kenta Masuda
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  8. Arisa Ueki
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  9. Yusuke Kobayashi
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  10. Daisuke Aoki
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kouji Banno.

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Kisu, I., Banno, K., Yanokura, M. et al. Indocyanine green fluorescence imaging in the pregnant cynomolgus macaque: childbearing is supported by a unilateral uterine artery and vein alone?. Arch Gynecol Obstet 288, 1309–1315 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-013-2910-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-013-2910-0

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