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Dendritic cells sub-sets are associated with inflammatory cytokine production in progressive vitiligo disease

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Abstract

In autoimmune onset of vitiligo, perilesional area shows inflammatory cells including T cytotoxic, helper cells and macrophages. Dendritic Cells (DCs) regulate immune activities by antigen presentation to T cells or cytokine production. It is evident that pro- and anti-inflammatory DCs are responsible for their respective cytokines release. However, role of DCs in vitiligo is enigmatic. In the present study, we assessed DCs markers (CD11b and CD11c) along with pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-17A, IL-10 and IL-12p70) in stable and active vitiligo patients. Our results revealed a significant augmented expression of CD11b+CD11c+ (pro-inflammatory DC) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and skin tissues of active vitiligo patients versus control and stable vitiligo group. Unlikely, CD11b+ (anti-inflammatory DC) levels were significantly impeded in active vitiligo group as compared to another two groups. CD11c (T helper 1 stimulating DC) presented no significant alterations in any group. Furthermore, we perceived significantly up-regulated IL-17A (pro-inflammatory cytokine) and down-regulated IL-10 (anti-inflammatory cytokine) expressions in active vitiligo group as compared to control and stable group (in sera, PBMCs and skin tissue). Also, a significant positive correlation was observed between CD11b+CD11c+ and IL-17A; and CD11b+ and IL-10. Contrarily, CD11b+CD11c+ and CD11b+ were negatively correlated with IL-10 and IL-17A, respectively. In conclusion, modulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory DCs in active vitiligo patients may affect cytokines production and thereby, lead to further depigmentation of skin.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Professor Aditya Shastri, Vice-Chancellor, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan and Bioscience and Biotechnology Department, Banasthali Vidyapith for providing research facilities and constant motivation. We also provide thanks to DST-CURIE for providing financial assistance for conducting our research work. Authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Renu Bist, (Associate Professor), University of Rajasthan, Jaipur for her contribution in initial research design. Also, we are appreciative of Mr. Parvinder Singh, Senior Laboratory Technician; PGIMER; Chandigarh, for performing the sectioning of the skin biopsy specimens.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India

    Niharika Srivastava, Anuradha Bishnoi, Davinder Parsad, Muthu Sendhil Kumaran & Keshavamurthy Vinay

  2. Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Tonk, Rajasthan, 304022, India

    Niharika Srivastava & Sarika Gupta

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  1. Niharika Srivastava
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NS, DP, SG, MSK and KV have designed the research study; NS and AB performed the research; NS, DP, SG, AB, MSK and KV analyzed the data; NS, AB, and SG wrote the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Sarika Gupta.

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403_2020_2168_MOESM1_ESM.tif

Supplementary Fig A1: Representative flow cytometry gating strategy for DC population in PBMCs of the study subjects. PBMCs were firstly gated to exclude debris/dead cells using FSC-A/SSC-A criteria. Then the live cells (P1) were gated on the basis of CD3−CD19− cells to gate out T and B cells (P2). Finally, DC population was obtained using CD86+CD80+(P3) criteria (TIF 2969 KB)

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Srivastava, N., Bishnoi, A., Parsad, D. et al. Dendritic cells sub-sets are associated with inflammatory cytokine production in progressive vitiligo disease. Arch Dermatol Res 313, 759–767 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00403-020-02168-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00403-020-02168-w

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