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High level of TILs is an independent predictor of negative sentinel lymph node in women but not in men

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A Letter to the Editor to this article was published on 07 May 2020

Abstract

Factors that are most associated with positive lymph node status in melanoma are Breslow thickness and ulceration. However, there are other factors that have been little explored and could help in the identification of “at risk patients” harbouring occult metastasis. The objective of this study was to determine whether intensity of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in a cohort study (N = 4133) is an independent predictor of sentinel lymph node (SLN) status in patients with primary cutaneous melanoma. Of the patients with cutaneous melanoma who resulted negative for nodal metastasis, 50.7% had moderate/marked TILs versus 27.7% among those patients who resulted positive for nodal metastasis. In the multivariate analysis, controlling for sex, age, mitotic rate, ulceration and Breslow, high levels of TILs in primary invasive melanoma was associated with a lower risk of developing SLN metastasis (OR 0.46; 95% CI 0.23–0.95, p = 0.037). When the analysis was stratified by sex, the protective effect of moderate/marked TIL remained only for women (OR 0.30; 95% CI 0.10–0.93, p = 0.037) but not for men (OR 0.51; 95% CI 0.19–1.34, p = 0.172). Other independent predictors of negative lymph node were low Breslow thickness (≤ 2.0 mm) and low mitotic rate. Besides predicting a negative lymph node response, TILs were also associated with a decreased risk of 10-year mortality among females with positive lymph node. Our findings suggest that high level of TILs is an independent predictor of negative SLN status among women. Further research is warranted to confirm our findings.

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Funding

This work was supported by the project of Epidemiology of melanoma (Ricerca Corrente 4.1; Italian Ministry of Health and by the Department of Epidemiology of the regional Health Service, Rome, Italy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Epidemiology Unit, Istituto Dermopatico dell’Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, Via Monti di Creta 104, 00167, Rome, Italy

    Cristina Fortes & S. Mastroeni

  2. Plastic Surgery Department, Istituto Dermopatico dell’Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy

    A. Caggiati

  3. Pathology Unit, Istituto Dermopatico dell’Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy

    F. Passarelli

  4. Melanoma Unit, Istituto Dermopatico dell’Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy

    F. Ricci

  5. Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, Rome, Italy

    P. Michelozzi

Authors
  1. Cristina Fortes
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  2. S. Mastroeni
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  3. A. Caggiati
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  4. F. Passarelli
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  5. F. Ricci
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  6. P. Michelozzi
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Correspondence to Cristina Fortes.

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Fortes, C., Mastroeni, S., Caggiati, A. et al. High level of TILs is an independent predictor of negative sentinel lymph node in women but not in men. Arch Dermatol Res 313, 57–61 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00403-020-02067-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00403-020-02067-0

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