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Epidermal expression of eotaxins and thymic stromal lymphopoietin in eosinophil rich dermatoses

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Abstract

Eosinophils are seen in a number of dermatologic conditions. While the extent of their function in these diseases remains to be fully elucidated, pathogenic activity in bullous pemphigoid suggests a more significant role than previously thought. Several dermatoses have a fairly characteristic histologic morphology of eosinophil infiltration. We hypothesized that epidermal expression of eotaxins and TSLP would differ by disease, perhaps explaining the different histologic morphologies. We performed a retrospective study of eosinophil rich dermatoses to perform immunohistochemistry. We collected 49 specimens composed of bullous pemphigoid (n = 15), atopic dermatitis (n = 12), drug rash (n = 8), arthropod assault (n = 5), and non-bullous pemphigoid eosinophilic spongiosis (n = 5). We used lichen planus (n = 4) as a control for lymphocyte-mediated inflammation. TSLP was diffusely expressed in all epidermal samples, whereas eotaxins demonstrated a weaker staining. Eotaxins and TSLP demonstrated a gradient between basal and spinous keratinocytes. The correlation between overall basal keratinocyte and spinous keratinocyte staining of eotaxins and TSLP with the number of eosinophils demonstrated a significant correlation between eotaxin-1 (R = 0.404, P = 0.004), eotaxin-2 (R = 0.576, P < 0.001), and eotaxin-3 (R = 0.512, P < 0.001), but not TSLP (R = 0.164, P = 0.251). These remained significant after correcting for multiple comparisons. While we were unable to detect significant differences in epidermal expression of eotaxins and TSLP in various eosinophil rich dermatoses, we identified a significant correlation of spinous keratinocyte eotaxin staining with tissue eosinophilia. Our identification of a correlation of spinous keratinocyte eotaxin staining with tissue eosinophilia may provide insight into local eosinophil chemotaxis.

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Funding

This study was funded in part by a grant from the International Pemphigus and Pemphigoid Foundation (KTA).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dermatology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA

    Manuel Valdebran, Linda Doan & Sebastien De Feraudy

  2. Department of Dermatology, University of Illinois At Chicago, 808 S Wood St, Chicago, IL, RM37760612, USA

    Eric H. Kowalski, Diana Kneiber, Jing Li & Kyle T. Amber

  3. Department of Pathology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA

    Jeffrey Kim

Authors
  1. Manuel Valdebran
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  2. Eric H. Kowalski
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Correspondence to Kyle T. Amber.

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Valdebran, M., Kowalski, E.H., Kneiber, D. et al. Epidermal expression of eotaxins and thymic stromal lymphopoietin in eosinophil rich dermatoses. Arch Dermatol Res 311, 705–710 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00403-019-01954-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00403-019-01954-5

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