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How accurately can surgeons perform angle manipulation? Quantitative assessment of the accuracy of manual angle manipulation of orthopedic surgery: a cadaver study

  • Orthopaedic Surgery
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Abstract

Introduction

To date, only few studies have been performed on the accuracy of manual angle manipulation during orthopedic surgery. This cadaver study was aimed at quantitatively assessing the accuracy of manual angle manipulation performed by orthopedic surgeons according to their surgical experience and comparing it with manipulation performed with the assistance of a digital goniometer.

Materials and methods

Six lower-leg specimens of fresh-frozen human cadavers were subjected to angle manipulation performed via Kirschner wire (K-wire) insertion. K-wires were inserted manually and with the assistance of a digital goniometer at target angles of 0°, 30°, and 60° by three operators who had different levels of experience in orthopedic surgery. The accuracy of the insertion angles at the target angles was evaluated using computed tomography.

Results

The mean angle error in the manual angle manipulation was 8.8° (standard deviation [SD] 6.0). When the target angles were set to 0°, 30°, and 60°, the identified angle errors were 6.1° (SD 4.3), 8.8° (SD 6.6), and 11.7° (SD 5.6), respectively, and each value did not show any significant difference among the operators. With the assistance of a digital goniometer, the mean (SD) angle error was significantly improved to 2.1° (1.1°) (p < 0.001). The amount of improvement in accuracy significantly increased as the target angle increased (p = 0.01).

Conclusion

This cadaver study quantified the inaccuracy of manual angle manipulation in orthopedic surgery and showed that these inaccuracies ​​can be improved using an assistive device. These results support the need to develop a device that can compensate manual angle manipulation in orthopedic surgery.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Grant O1801441 from Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Funding

This work was supported by Grant O1801441 from Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. No benefits in any form have been received or will be received from a commercial party related directly or indirectly to the contents of this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Guro Hospital, Korea University, 148 Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, 08308, Korea

    Young Hwan Park, Woon Kim, Jung Woo Choi & Hak Jun Kim

  2. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ansan Hospital, Korea University, 123 Jeokgeum-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan, 15355, Korea

    Gi Won Choi

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  1. Young Hwan Park
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  2. Woon Kim
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Contributions

YHP: design of investigation, performed operation, data collection, data analysis, writing paper, WK: design of investigation, data collection, performed operation, JWC: data analysis and interpretation, scientific discussion, GWC: paper review, scientific discussion, HJK: design of investigation, performed operation, co-writer/editor of manuscript.

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Correspondence to Hak Jun Kim.

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Park, Y.H., Kim, W., Choi, J.W. et al. How accurately can surgeons perform angle manipulation? Quantitative assessment of the accuracy of manual angle manipulation of orthopedic surgery: a cadaver study. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 142, 905–911 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-020-03702-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-020-03702-1

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