Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Online oxygen measurements in ex vivo perfused muscle tissue in a porcine model using dynamic quenching methods

  • Basic Science
  • Published:
Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Introduction

Transplantation of autologous free tissue flaps is the best applicable technique for treating large and complex tissue defects and still has one major failure criterion. Tissue—and in particular muscle tissue—is strongly sensitive to ischemia, thus after a critical period of oxygen depletion the risk of a partial or total flap loss is high.

Materials and methods

For that reason a miniaturized ex vivo perfusion system has been developed, that supplies the tissue during operational delays. The purpose of this study was to determine the oxygenation levels during such a perfusion using different perfusates and therefore to objectify if a complementary oxygenation unit is required to improve perfusion quality. The oxygen levels of the tissue, as well of the perfusate, were measured by using minimal invasive optical oxygen sensors that are based on dynamic quenching. The ex vivo perfused tissue was the porcine rectus abdominis muscle.

Results

Results show, that during perfusion with heparinized crystalloid fluid (Jonosteril®) and heparinized autologous whole blood, additional oxygenation of the perfusion reactor led to different ex vivo oxygen tissue saturations, which can be detected by dynamic quenching.

Conclusion

Dynamic quenching methods are a promising and valuable technique to perform online oxygen measurements in ex vivo perfused muscle tissue in a porcine model.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Presens precision sensing, Presens oxygen microsensors technical data sheet. http://www.presens.de/products/brochures/category/sensor-probes/brochure/oxygen-microsensors/page/technical-data-71.html

  2. Arain S, Weiss S, Heinzle E, John GT, Krause C, Klimant I (2005) Gas sensing in microplates with optodes: influence of oxygen exchange between sample, air, and plate material. Biotechnol Bioeng 90:271–280

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Bastiaanse J, Nanhekhan LV, Slaaf DW, Boeckx WD, oude Egbrink MG (2006) Preservation of rat cremaster muscle microcirculation after prolonged cold storage and transplantation. J Surg Res 131:41–48

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Belzer FO, D’Alessandro AM, Hoffmann RM, Knechtle SJ, Reed A, Pirsch JD, Kalayoglu M, Sollinger HW (1992) The use of UW solution in clinical transplantation. A 4-year experience. Ann Surg 215:579–583 (discussion 584–575)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Beris AE, Lykissas MG, Korompilias AV, Mitsionis GI, Vekris MD, Kostas-Agnantis IP (2010) Digit and hand replantation. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 130:1141–1147

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Bizeau A, Guelfucci B, Giovanni A, Gras R, Casanova D, Zanaret M (2002) 15 years experience with microvascular free tissue transfer for repair of head and neck cancer defects. Ann Otolaryngol Chir Cervicofac 119:31–38

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Blaisdell FW (2002) The pathophysiology of skeletal muscle ischemia and the reperfusion syndrome: a review. Cardiovasc Surg 10:620–630

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Bleiziffer O, Hammon M, Naschberger E, Lipnik K, Arkudas A, Rath S, Pryymachuk G, Beier JP, Sturzl M, Horch RE, Kneser U (2011) Endothelial progenitor cells are integrated in newly formed capillaries and alter adjacent fibrovascular tissue after subcutaneous implantation in a fibrin matrix. J Cell Mol Med 15:2452–2461

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Bui DT, Cordeiro PG, Hu QY, Disa JJ, Pusic A, Mehrara BJ (2007) Free flap reexploration: indications, treatment, and outcomes in 1193 free flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg 119:2092–2100

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Castagnoli C, Alotto D, Cambieri I, Casimiri R, Aluffi M, Stella M, Alasia ST, Magliacani G (2003) Evaluation of donor skin viability: fresh and cryopreserved skin using tetrazolium salt assay. Burns 29:759–767

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Constantinescu MA, Knall E, Xu X, Kiermeir DM, Jenni H, Gygax E, Rieben R, Banic A, Vogelin E (2011) Preservation of amputated extremities by extracorporeal blood perfusion; a feasibility study in a porcine model. J Surg Res 171:291–299

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Demas JN, DeGraff BA (2000) Applications of luminescent transition platinum group metal complexes to sensor technology and molecular probes. Coord Chem Rev 211:317–351

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Dragu A, Birkholz T, Kleinmann JA, Schnurer S, Munch F, Cesnjevar R, Schmidt J, Taeger C, Kneser U, Horch RE (2011) Extracorporeal perfusion of free muscle flaps in a porcine model using a miniaturized perfusion system. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 131:849–855

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Dragu A, Schnurer S, Surmann-Schmitt C, Unglaub F, Kneser U, Horch RE (2011) Expression of HIF-1alpha in ischemia and reperfusion in human microsurgical free muscle tissue transfer. Plast Reconstr Surg 127:2293–2300

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Dragu A, Schnurer S, Surmann-Schmitt C, von der Mark K, Sturzl M, Unglaub F, Wolf MB, Leffler M, Beier JP, Kneser U, Horch RE (2011) Gene expression analysis of ischaemia and reperfusion in human microsurgical free muscle tissue transfer. J Cell Mol Med 15:983–993

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Egert U, Okujeni S, Nisch W, Boven KH, Rudorf R, Gottschlich N, Stett A (2003) Perforated microelectrode arrays optimize oxygen availability and signal-to-noise ratio in brain slice recordings. Anal Bioanal Chem 377:486–495

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Erasmus ME, Fernhout MH, Elstrodt JM, Rakhorst G (2006) Normothermic ex vivo lung perfusion of non-heart-beating donor lungs in pigs: from pretransplant function analysis towards a 6-h machine preservation. Transpl Int 19:589–593

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Francel TJ, Vander Kolk CA, Yaremchuk MJ (1992) Locally applied hypothermia and microvascular muscle flap transfers. Ann Plast Surg 28:246–251

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Fridell JA, Mangus RS, Powelson JA (2010) Organ preservation solutions for whole organ pancreas transplantation. Curr Opin Organ Transplant. doi:10.1097/MOT.0b013e3283424d06

  20. Greaney PJ Jr, Cordisco M, Rodriguez D, Newberger J, Legatt AD, Garfein ES (2010) Use of an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuit as a bridge to salvage a major upper-extremity replant in a critically ill patient. J Reconstr Microsurg 26:517–522

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Higgins JP (2011) A reassessment of the role of the radial forearm flap in upper extremity reconstruction. J Hand Surg Am 36:1237–1240

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Hortsch R, Stratmann A, Weuster-Botz D (2010) New milliliter-scale stirred tank bioreactors for the cultivation of mycelium forming microorganisms. Biotechnol Bioeng 106:443–451

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Kuntscher MV, Hartmann B, Germann G (2005) Remote ischemic preconditioning of flaps: a review. Microsurgery 25:346–352

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Lerman OZ, Haddock N, Elliott RM, Foroohar A, Levin LS (2011) Microsurgery of the upper extremity. J Hand Surg Am 36:1092–1103 (quiz 1103)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Liang K, Zhong G, Yin J, Xiang Z, Cen S, Huang F (2011) Cross-arm replantation for traumatic bilateral upper extremity amputations: a case report. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 131:157–161

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Majno G, Joris I (1995) Apoptosis, oncosis, and necrosis. An overview of cell death. Am J Pathol 146:3–15

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Mao C, Yu GY, Peng X, Guo CB, Huang MX, Zhang Y (2003) A review of 545 consecutive free flap transfers for head and neck reconstruction in a new microsurgery unit. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi 38:3–6

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Nahai F, Mathes SJ (1984) Musculocutaneous flap or muscle flap and skin graft? Ann Plast Surg 12:199–203

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Ozcelik IB, Mersa B, Kabakas F, Sacak B, Kuvat SV (2011) Crossover replantation as a salvage procedure following bilateral transhumeral upper limb amputation: a case report. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 131:567–572

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Rassaf T, Flogel U, Drexhage C, Hendgen-Cotta U, Kelm M, Schrader J (2007) Nitrite reductase function of deoxymyoglobin: oxygen sensor and regulator of cardiac energetics and function. Circ Res 100:1749–1754

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Rolletschek H, Stangelmayer A, Borisjuk L (2009) Methodology and significance of microsensor-based oxygen mapping in plant seeds-an overview. Sensors 9:3218–3227

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Saxena AK, Marler J, Benvenuto M, Willital GH, Vacanti JP (1999) Skeletal muscle tissue engineering using isolated myoblasts on synthetic biodegradable polymers: preliminary studies. Tissue Eng 5:525–532

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Schneeberger S, Biebl M, Steurer W, Hesse UJ, Troisi R, Langrehr JM, Schareck W, Mark W, Margreiter R, Konigsrainer A (2009) A prospective randomized multicenter trial comparing histidine-tryptophane-ketoglutarate versus University of Wisconsin perfusion solution in clinical pancreas transplantation. Transpl Int 22:217–224

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Shah AP, Milgrom DP, Mangus RS, Powelson JA, Goggins WC, Milgrom ML (2008) Comparison of pulsatile perfusion and cold storage for paired kidney allografts. Transplantation 86:1006–1009

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Siemionow M, Arslan E (2004) Ischemia/reperfusion injury: a review in relation to free tissue transfers. Microsurgery 24:468–475

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Singer E, Duveneck GL, Ehrat M, Widmer HM (1994) Fiber optic sensor for oxygen determination in liquids. Sens Actuat 42:542–546

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Taghinia AH, Carty M, Upton J (2010) Fascial flaps for hand reconstruction. J Hand Surg Am 35:1351–1355

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Ulrich D, Fuchs P, Bozkurt A, Pallua N (2010) Free serratus anterior fascia flap for reconstruction of hand and finger defects. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 130:217–222

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Unglaub F, Wolf MB, Kroeber MW, Dragu A, Schwarz S, Mittlmeier T, Kloeters O, Horch RE (2011) Expression of leptin, leptin receptor, and connective tissue growth factor in degenerative disk lesions in the wrist. Arthroscopy 27:755–760

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Wang WZ, Fang XH, Stephenson LL, Khiabani KT, Zamboni WA (2008) Ischemia/reperfusion-induced necrosis and apoptosis in the cells isolated from rat skeletal muscle. J Orthop Res 26:351–356

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Weng ZC, Nicolosi AC, Detwiler PW, Hsu DT, Schierman SW, Goldstein AH, Spotnitz HM (1992) Effects of crystalloid, blood, and University of Wisconsin perfusates on weight, water content, and left ventricular compliance in an edema-prone, isolated porcine heart model. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 103:504–513

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by ELAN grant of the Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (No. 09.10.06.1). PreSens Precision Sensing GmbH, Josef-Engert-Str. 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany (Mr. Achim Stangelmayer, CEO, and Mr. Dr. Gernot T. John, Director Marketing & Innovation).

Conflict of interest

None.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, University Hospital, Krankenhausstrasse 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany

    Adrian Dragu, Christian D. Taeger, Judith Amélie Kleinmann & Raymund E. Horch

  2. Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91052, Erlangen, Germany

    Rainer Buchholz, Björn Sommerfeld, Holger Hübner & Konstantin Präbst

  3. Department of Anaesthesiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany

    Torsten Birkholz

  4. Department of Heart Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany

    Frank Münch

Authors
  1. Adrian Dragu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Christian D. Taeger
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Rainer Buchholz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Björn Sommerfeld
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Holger Hübner
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Torsten Birkholz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Judith Amélie Kleinmann
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Frank Münch
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Raymund E. Horch
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Konstantin Präbst
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Adrian Dragu.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Dragu, A., Taeger, C.D., Buchholz, R. et al. Online oxygen measurements in ex vivo perfused muscle tissue in a porcine model using dynamic quenching methods. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 132, 655–661 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-011-1458-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-011-1458-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation