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Komplikationen elektrophysiologischer Eingriffe im Alter

Electrophysiologic procedure complications in the elderly

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Zusammenfassung

Vorliegende Register geben wenig valide Informationen zu altersbedingten Komplikationen. Dafür gibt es vielfältige Gründe, wie die nicht für alle Altersgruppen ausreichende Zahl erfolgter Eingriffe (z. B. Kontraktilitätsmanagement), die Abhängigkeit mancher Komplikationen von der Erfahrung der Untersucher (z. B. Ablationsbehandlung) oder die veränderten Indikationsstellungen (z. B. Resynchronisation). Schließlich werden vielerorts schwerstkranke und sehr alte Patienten mit absehbar begrenzter Prognose in der klinischen Praxis manchen elektrophysiologischen Therapien nicht ausgesetzt. Aus all diesen Gründen sind registerbasierte Zahlen nur begrenzt interpretierbar. Metaanalysen randomisierter Studien geben präzisere Aussagen zu den eingeschlossenen Patientengruppen, spiegeln jedoch den klinischen Alltag nicht unbedingt wider, weil mehr oder weniger große Patientengruppen alter Menschen aus der täglichen Routine für Studien ausgeschlossen sind. Damit muss die Beurteilung des individuellen Risikos eines alten Patienten während und nach einem elektrophysiologischen Eingriff im Einzelfall beurteilt werden. In jedem Fall dürfte das kalendarische Alter hinsichtlich möglicher Komplikationen nicht so relevant sein, dass es für elektrophysiologische Eingriffe strikte Altersgrenzen geben muss. Es gibt trotz aller vorliegenden Daten bislang keine Alternative zur individuellen Risikobeurteilung des aufgeklärten alten Patienten durch einen informierten und erfahrenen Kardiologen.

Abstract

Published registries give limited information on age-dependent complication rates. There are several reasons for this, including limited numbers of patients in subgroups (e.g., contractility management), experience-dependent procedures (e.g., catheter ablation), or in changing indications (e.g., resynchronization). Finally, severely ill and very old patients with limited prognosis are often excluded from electrophysiologic procedures. Therefore, published data are difficult to interpret. Meta-analyses of randomized trials give more precise information on included patient cohorts, but do not necessarily reflect daily practice because elderly patients are often excluded from trials. Therefore, the individual risk of elderly patients has to be estimated on an individual case basis. In summary, the age of patients is not relevant regarding possible complications; thus, there is no age limit for electrophysiologic interventions. Therefore, there is no alternative to the individual estimation of procedural risks of interventions of an informed patient by an experienced cardiologist.

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Correspondence to Dietrich Pfeiffer.

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D. Pfeiffer, M. Neef, D. Jurisch und A. Hagendorff geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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Pfeiffer, D., Neef, M., Jurisch, D. et al. Komplikationen elektrophysiologischer Eingriffe im Alter. Herzschr Elektrophys 28, 3–8 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00399-017-0486-2

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