Zusammenfassung
Einführung
Akute Testungen unter biventrikulärer Stimulation zeigten, dass der hämodynamische Effek von der Position der Koronarsinus-(CS)-Elektrode abhängt. Langzeituntersuchungen hierzu liegen jedoch bislang nicht vor.
Methoden
Bei 45 Patienten (Alter 59±10 Jahre) mit Herzinsuffizienz (17 dilatative Kardiomyopathie, 23 ischämische, 5 valvuläre) und Linksschenkelbock (QRS-Breite >150 ms) wurden biventrikuläre Schrittmachersysteme implantiert. Die CS-Elektroden wurden posterior (P, n=15), lateral (L, n=19) oder bei fehlenden anderen Optionen anterior (A, n=11) implantiert. Präoperativ und nach 6 Monaten wurden Klinik, BNP, Echokardiographie und Rechtsherzkatheter beurteilt.
Ergebnisse
Eingangsparameter waren in den 3 Gruppen ähnlich. Nach 6 Monaten fanden sich 32/34 Responder in den Gruppen P und L verglichen mit 7/11 in Gruppe A (94 vs. 64%, p=0,025). Die Ejektionsfraktion steigerte sich in den Gruppen P und L um 40 und 41% vs. nur 19% in A (p<0,03 für A vs. P+L). BNP-Spiegel sanken deutlicher in den Gruppen P und L (–55 und –35% vs. –27%, p=0,05 für Avs. P). Die Hämodynamik verbesserte sich nur in den Gruppen P und L: Arterieller Druck +8 und 9% vs. +2%, PCWP –23 und –15% vs. –4%, Pulmonalisdruck –18 und –12% vs. –3% (p<0,01 für A vs. P+L), Herzindex +21 und +12% vs. +11% (p=0,03 für A vs. P).
Schlussfolgerung
Chronische biventrikuläre Stimulation verbessert Klinik, Auswurffraktion, BNP und Hämodynamik bei Patienten mit posteriorer und lateraler CS-Elektrodenposition. Anteriore CS-Elektrodenpositionen sollten vermieden werden.
Summary
Background
Acute studies in cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) showed that hemodynamic effects may depend on the coronary sinus (CS) lead position. However, there are no data on the longterm effect of CS lead position.
Methods
In 45 heart failure patients with left bundle branch block and QRS >150 ms (age 59±10 years, 17 dilative cardiomyopathy, 23 ischemic, 5 valvular), biventricular pacemakers were implanted. CS leads were positioned in posterior (P, n=15), lateral (L, n=19) or, if no other option available, anterior (A, n=11) side branches. Before and 6 months after implantation, clinical state, echocardiography, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and right heart catheterization were evaluated.
Results
Baseline parameters were similar between groups. After 6 months, there were 32/34 responders in groups P and L compared to 7/11 responders in group A (94 vs roups P and L: Arterial pressure +8 and +9% vs +2%; PCWP –23 and –15% vs –4%, pulmonary pressure –18 and –12% vs –3% (p<0.01 for A vs P+L); cardiac index +21 and +12% vs +11% (p=0.03 for A vs P). BNP was reduced by 55, 35, and 27% (p=0.05 for A vs P). Ejection fraction increased in P and L by 40 and 41%, respectively, but only by +19% in A (p<0.03 for A vs P+L).
Conclusion
Chronic CRT improves ejection fraction, BNP and hemodynamic measurements predominantely in patients with lateral and posterior CS lead positions. Anterior lead positions should be avoided.
References
Aaronson KD, Schwartz JS, Chen TM, Wong KL, Goin JE, Mancini DM (1997) Development&prospective validation of a clinical index to predict survival in ambulatory patients referred for cardiac transplant evaluation. Circulation 95:2660–2667
Abraham WT, Fisher WG, Smith AL, Delurgio DB, Leon AR, Loh E at al for the Miracle Study Group (2002) Cardiac resynchronization in chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med 346:1845–1853
Bristow MR et al for the Comparison of Medical Therapy, Pacing, and Defibrillation in Heart Failure (COMPANION) Investigators (2004) Cardiac resynchronization therapy with or without an implantable defibrillator in advanced chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med 350:2140–2150
Butter C, Auricchio A, Stellbrink C, Fleck E, Ding J, Yu Y, Huvelle E, Spinelli J (2001) Effect of resynchronization therapy stimulation site on the systolic function of heart failure patients. Circulation 104:3026–3029
Cleland JGF et al for the Cardiac Resynchronization – Heart Failure (CARE-HF) Study Investigators (2005) The effect of cardiac resynchronization on morbidity and mortality in heart failure. N Engl J Med 352:1539–1549
Gilard M, Mansourati J, Etienne Y et al (1998) Angiographic anatomy of the coronary sinus and its tributaries. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 21(Pt II):2280–2284
Hamdan MH, Zagrodzky JD, Joglar JA et al (2000) Biventricular pacing decreases sympathetic activity compared with right ventricular pacing in patients with depressed ejection fraction. Circulation 102:1027–1032
Leclerque C, Cazeau S, Le Breton H, Ritter Ph, Mabo Ph, Gras D, Pavin D, Lazarus A, Daubert JC (1998) Acute hemodynamic effects of biventricular DDD pacing in patients with endstage heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 32:1825–1831
Nelson GS, Berger RD, Fetics BJ et al (2000) Left ventricular or biventricular pacing improves cardiac function at diminished energy cost in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and left bundle brunch block. Circulation 102:3053–3059
Remme WJ, Swedberg K (2001) Task force for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure, european society of cardiology. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure. European Heart Journal 22:1527–1560
Reuter S, Garrigue S, Barold SS, Jais P, Hocini M, Haissaguerre M, Clementy J (2002) Comparison of characteristics in responders versus nonresponders with biventricular pacing for drug-resistant congestive heart failure. Am J Cardiol 89:346–350
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Nägele, H., Hashagen, S., Azizi, M. et al. Long-term hemodynamic benefit of biventricular pacing depending on coronary sinus lead position. Herzschr. Elektrophys. 17, 185–190 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00399-006-0533-x
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00399-006-0533-x
Schlüsselwörter
- Kardiale Resynchronisationstherapie
- Biventrikuläre Stimulation
- Koronarsinus-Elektrodenposition
- Hämodynamik
- Herzinsuffizienz