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Swelling kinetics and rheological behaviour of microwave synthesized poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) hydrogels

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Abstract

Poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) hydrogels are synthesized by free-radical polymerization in a microwave oven, in a one-step procedure that provides reduction in time, energy and resources in comparison with conventional heating in aqueous solution. Hydrogel microstructures are analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Dynamic swelling tests are carried out at three pH values (3.0, 10.0 and 7.0) and two temperatures (25 and 37 °C) considering the conditions for hydrogel application. SEM pictures indicate irregular cellular and porous structure of microwave synthesized hydrogels, obtained as a result of simultaneous polymerization and water evaporation. The results of swelling measurements show that the swelling ratio at pH 7.0 and 10.0 increases with increasing in acrylic acid amount, while at pH 3.0 decreases. Swelling rate is higher at physiological temperature, and solvent diffusion is relaxation-controlled. Swelling of hydrogels follows the second-order kinetics. Rheological behaviour of hydrogels has been assessed using the results of frequency and amplitude sweep tests applied at the systems in equilibrium swollen state. Obtained data reveal a dominant elastic character and a long linear viscoelastic region (up to 2000 Pa), as well as a similar three-dimensional internal structure of investigated hydrogels.

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Funding

The authors received financial support from the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Republic of Serbia, project number 451-03-68/2020-14/ 200134.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia

    Tamara Erceg & Ivan Ristić

  2. Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia

    Tamara Dapčević-Hadnađev & Miroslav Hadnađev

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  1. Tamara Erceg
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Erceg, T., Dapčević-Hadnađev, T., Hadnađev, M. et al. Swelling kinetics and rheological behaviour of microwave synthesized poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) hydrogels. Colloid Polym Sci 299, 11–23 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00396-020-04763-9

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