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Synthesis, structure, and properties of bisphenol A formaldehyde sol—precursor of low-density aerogel

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Abstract

Low-density organic aerogels (down to 11–12 mg/cm3) were successively synthesized by polycondensation of formaldehyde with bisphenol A (2,2-diphenylolpropane or BPhA) methylol derivatives by the thermal treatment under basic conditions. In this paper, the main features of bisphenol A-formaldehyde (BF) sol and hydrogel formation have been examined for the first time. The molecular weight distribution both of the initial resin and the soluble products of its thermal processing were studied by size exclusion chromatography. A detailed study of the structure of sols and the dynamics of its change was carried out by dynamic and static light scattering and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The results obtained allowed to describe the process of gel formation as a diffusion-limited cluster-cluster fractal aggregation of sol nanoparticles formed during the polycondensation. Crosslinking of low-density fractal aggregates leads to the formation of a macro-porous structure with a high pore volume and, ultimately, to a low-density aerogel.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Department of Structural Research of the N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences for the study of samples by the method of electronic microscopy.

Funding

This study was performed with financial support of the Russian Science Foundation (Grant No. 14-50-00126).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow, Russia, 119991

    Elena Evgenievna Sheveleva, V. G. Pimenov, I. V. Blagodatskikh & A. M. Sakharov

  2. Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Polymers, A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 28, Moscow, Russia, 119991

    O. V. Vyshivannaya & S. S. Abramchuk

Authors
  1. Elena Evgenievna Sheveleva
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  2. V. G. Pimenov
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  3. I. V. Blagodatskikh
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  4. O. V. Vyshivannaya
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  5. S. S. Abramchuk
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  6. A. M. Sakharov
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Correspondence to Elena Evgenievna Sheveleva.

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Sheveleva, E.E., Pimenov, V.G., Blagodatskikh, I.V. et al. Synthesis, structure, and properties of bisphenol A formaldehyde sol—precursor of low-density aerogel. Colloid Polym Sci 296, 1313–1322 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00396-018-4343-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00396-018-4343-6

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