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Micellization of monomeric and dimeric (gemini) surfactants in polar nonaqueous-water-mixed solvents

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Abstract

Dimeric or gemini surfactants are novel surfactants that are finding a great deal of discussion in the academic and industrial arena. They consist of two hydrophobic chains and two polar head groups covalently linked by a spacer. Data on critical micelle concentration (cmc) and degree of counterion dissociation (α) are reported on bis-cationic C16H33N+(CH3)2–(CH2)s–N+(CH3)2C16H33, 2Br−, referred to as 16-s-16, for spacer lengths s=4, 5, 6 in aqueous and in polar nonaqueous (1-propanol, 2-methoxyethanol or methyl cellosolve, dimethyl sulfoxide, acetonitrile)-water-mixed solvents. The behavior is compared with conventional monomeric surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Thermodynamic parameters are obtained from the temperature dependence of the cmc values. It is observed that micellization tendency of the surfactants decreases in the presence of polar nonaqueous solvents. However, detailed studies with dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) show that the geminis nearly outclass the micellization-arresting property of this solvent. Also, within geminis, higher spacer length is found suitable for showing micellization even with high DMSO content (50% v/v). The implications of these results of gemini micellization may be useful in micellar catalysis in polar nonaqueous solvents.

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Acknowledgement

USS is thankful to the Council of Science and Technology, U.P. (India), for the financial assistance (Project No. CST/SERC/D-1122).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, 202 002, India

      Kabir-ud-Din, Umme Salma Siddiqui & Sanjeev Kumar

  2. Department of Chemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, 190 006, India

    Aijaz Ahmad Dar

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  1.   Kabir-ud-Din
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  2. Umme Salma Siddiqui
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  3. Sanjeev Kumar
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  4. Aijaz Ahmad Dar
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Correspondence to   Kabir-ud-Din.

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Kabir-ud-Din,  ., Siddiqui, U.S., Kumar, S. et al. Micellization of monomeric and dimeric (gemini) surfactants in polar nonaqueous-water-mixed solvents. Colloid Polym Sci 284, 807–812 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00396-005-1449-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00396-005-1449-4

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